Cancer Support - Colorectal Cancer Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the rank of colorectal cancer in the UK by prevalence?
It is the 4th most common cancer in the UK.
What is the lifetime risk of colorectal cancer in the UK?
1 in 15 males and 1 in 18 females.
What role does the mucosal membrane play in colorectal cancer?
Its breakdown increases exposure to toxins, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
How does gut microbiota influence colorectal cancer?
Dysbiosis disrupts the mucosal barrier and contributes to inflammation and carcinogenesis.
What lifestyle factors increase colorectal cancer risk?
Alcohol, smoking, inactivity, obesity, red and processed meat consumption, low fibre diet.
How do processed meats increase cancer risk?
Nitrites/nitrates form N-nitroso compounds, which are carcinogenic.
Why is fibre protective in colorectal cancer?
It increases stool bulk, reduces carcinogen contact, and boosts SCFA production.
How does quercetin support colorectal cancer prevention?
It inhibits NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, reduces DNA damage, and sensitises cells to treatment.
What is the role of calcium in colorectal cancer prevention?
Promotes differentiation/apoptosis, reduces proliferation, supports calcium receptor activity.
How does EGCG in green tea support colorectal health?
Acts as antioxidant, induces phase 2 enzymes, reduces proliferation, and promotes apoptosis.
