The urinary system - Interstitial Cystitis Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is Interstitial Cystitis (IC)?
IC is a chronic inflammatory condition of the bladder characterized by pain and a sense of pressure. It is not associated with infection and does not respond to antibiotic treatment.
Who is more likely to be affected by Interstitial Cystitis (IC)?
IC is significantly more common in women than men, though many men previously diagnosed with non-bacterial prostatitis may actually have IC.
What are the signs and symptoms of Interstitial Cystitis (IC)?
Signs include mild to intense pressure/pain in the bladder and pelvic area (intermittent or constant), urinary urgency and frequency, dyspareunia, and petechial haemorrhages visible on cystoscopy.
What is the definitive cause of Interstitial Cystitis (IC)?
The definitive cause of IC is not known, but it is believed to involve injury to the glycosaminoglycan layer of the bladder wall, neurogenic pain, and alterations to the urinary microbiome.
How does injury to the bladder wall contribute to IC?
Injury to the glycosaminoglycan layer of the bladder wall increases permeability, allowing potassium and chemical irritants in urine to damage underlying tissues.
How do allergies contribute to Interstitial Cystitis (IC)?
Elevated IgE levels are observed in some cases, leading to mast cell activation, which releases histamine and cytokines, causing pain and inflammation.
What is neurogenic pain in IC?
Neurogenic pain occurs when excitation of sensory nerves triggers inflammation through the release of neuropeptides. Triggers can include mast cell activation, stress, or autoimmune events.
How does an altered urinary microbiome contribute to IC?
An altered microbiome with decreased Lactobacillus species, reduced microbial diversity, and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines can contribute to IC symptoms.
What dietary approach can help manage Interstitial Cystitis (IC)?
Follow guidelines for UTIs to remove urinary irritants, reduce inflammation, and promote microbial balance. An elimination diet and food allergy testing can also help. Emphasize antioxidant-rich vegetables and anti-inflammatory foods like oily fish, turmeric, and fresh ginger.
What role does Aloe Vera play in managing IC?
Aloe Vera juice (inner leaf gel) can inhibit COX and PG2, increasing the production of glycosaminoglycans and helping manage IC symptoms.
What is Quercetin and how does it help IC?
Quercetin is an anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory supplement. It inhibits histamine release from mast cells, downregulates NF-κB, and inhibits COX and LOX. It has been shown to improve IC symptoms when taken at 500 mg twice daily for 4 weeks.
What is N-acetyl glucosamine and how does it support IC treatment?
N-acetyl glucosamine (1500–2000 mg three times daily) helps increase glycosaminoglycan synthesis in the bladder, improving mucous membrane integrity and reducing inflammation.
What is Chondroitin and its role in IC management?
Chondroitin (200–400 mg three times daily) helps improve glycosaminoglycan synthesis, reduce inflammation, and improve the integrity of the bladder’s mucous membrane. When combined with quercetin, it shows significant improvements for IC.
What probiotics are beneficial for IC?
Probiotics containing Lactobacillus spp. can help support the urinary microbiome and reduce inflammation associated with IC.
How can Corn Silk and Marshmallow Root help with IC?
Corn silk and marshmallow root are demulcents that soothe irritation in the urinary tract and relieve pain. They can be infused and taken 3 times daily to help manage IC symptoms.
What is Gotu Kola and how does it support IC treatment?
Gotu kola (Centella asiatica) helps improve the integrity of connective tissue and heals bladder ulcerations. It is typically taken at 500 mg twice daily for IC management.
How can Castor Oil packs help with IC?
Castor oil packs applied over the lower abdominal/pelvic region can relieve pain due to the anti-inflammatory properties of ricinoleic acid. The packs should be kept on for at least 30 minutes.
