Chapter 4 Lab Flashcards
1
Q
what is an organ?
A
a group of tissues working together to perform functions
2
Q
what is a tissue?
A
a group of cells working together to perform one or more functions
3
Q
arrect
A
upright
4
Q
cide
A
kill
5
Q
corn
A
horn
6
Q
ep
A
upon
7
Q
lunul
A
crescent
8
Q
melan
A
black
9
Q
papill
A
a nipple
10
Q
pil
A
a hair
11
Q
seb
A
grease
12
Q
strat
A
layer
13
Q
tact
A
touch
14
Q
therm
A
heat
15
Q
skin
A
epidermis and dermis
16
Q
epidermis
A
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
17
Q
most epidermal cells are called
A
keratinocytes
18
Q
you get a totally new epidermis every
A
25 to 45 days
19
Q
where are melanocytes found?
A
in the deepest epidermal layer
20
Q
dermal papilla is made of …
A
areolar connective tissue
21
Q
reticular layer is made of
A
dense irregular connective tissue
22
Q
hypodermis also called superficial fascia is located deep to the dermis and is mostly made of
A
adipose connective tissue
23
Q
dermis and hypodermis are avascular or vascular?
A
vascular
24
Q
sweat glands are made of
A
simple cuboidal epithelium
25
eccrine sweat gland
secrete sweat
26
only areas of the integumentary system that do not have eccrine sweat glands are the ...
nipples and external genitalia
27
apocrine sweat glands
larger than eccrine sweat glands, their ducts empty into hair follicles
- become active in puberty, secrete fatty substances and proteins
- found mainly in the axillary and anogenital regions
28
hair is composed of
dead keratinized cells
29
arrector pili muscle
band of smooth muscle tissue that extends from a hair follicle to the papillary layer of the dermis
-when contracted makes goose bumps
30
sebaceous glands are composed of what and are found where
epithelium and found near hair follicles
31
encapsulated sensory receptor
the dendritic endings are surrounded by a connective tissue capsule
-ex: lamellar and tactile corpuscle
32
tactile corpuscle (meissners corpuscle) found where
in the dermal papillae of hairless skin
33
lamellar corpuscles (or pacinian corpuscle) found where
deeper in the dermis and in the hypodermis
34
non-encapsulated sensory receptors
do not have connetive tissue capsules
35
free nerve ending
endings found both in epidermis and dermis (a nonencapsulated receptor)
36
hair follicle receptor
wrap around hair follicles
37
give two basic tissue types that compose tactile and lamellar corpuscles
nervous and connective
38
what is the function of soft keratin
toughens cells
39
true or false: soft keratin is a protein
true
40
true or false: when you look at someone the epidermal cells you see are dead
true
41
true or false: arrector pili muscles are composed of skeletalk muscle tissue
false: arrector pili muscles are composed of smooth muscle tissue
42
arrector pili muscle is composed of what
smooth muscle tissue
43
the epidermis and dermis compose the skin which is an eipithelial membrane called the ____
cutaneous membrane
44
is skin an organ
yes
45
eccrine sweat gland are endocrine or exocrine glands?
exocrine
46
which components of the skin are vascular?
dermis and hypodermis
47
the papillary layer is the superficial or deep dermal layer?
superficial (above the reticular layer)
48
epidermis
superficial layer of the skin
49
dermis
deep layer of the skin, has two layers
50
papillary layer of dermis
superficial layer of dermis
51
dermal papillae
nipple-like dermal projections that compose the papillary layer
52
reticular layer of the dermis
the deep layer of the dermis
53
hypodermis
deep to the dermis
54
hair follicle
surrounds the embedded part of a hair
55
hair bulb
expanded deep end of a hair follicle
56
hair
strand of keratinized cells
57
hair shaft
upper part of follicl and part that protrudes the skin
58
hair root
lower half of follicle
59
sebaceous gland
gound near hair follicles, secreats sebum
60
arrector pili muscle
extends from a hair follicle to the papillary layer of the dermis
61
blood vessels
found in the dermis and hypodermis
62
tactile corpuscle
sensory receptors found in the dermal papillae of hairless skin
63
lamellar corpuscle
sensory receptors found in the deeper dermis and the hypodermis
64
hair follicles are made of
epithelium
65
reticular layer of dermis is made of
dense irregular connective tissue
66
sebaceous gland is made of
epithelial tissue
67
eccrine sweat gland is made of
simple cuboidal epithelium
68
nail root
nonvisible part of the nail, embedded in the skin
69
nail body
the visible attached part of the nail
70
lunule
the white half moon part of the nail body
71
free edge of nail
the unattached part of the nail, it overhangs the tip of a finger or toe
72
hyonychium
the thickend epidermis beneath the free edge of the nail; commonly called the quick; dirt accumulates between the free edge of the nail and the hyponychium
73
nail bed
epidermis deep to the nail root and body
74
nail matrix
thickend proximal portion of the nail bed, nail growth occurs here
75
the fingernail is on the anterior or posterior surface of a finger?
posterior (think anatomical positioning)
76
the lunula is deep to, superficial to, or a part of the nail body?
a part of the nail body
77
melanin protects cells from what
UV radiation
78
the hypodermis protects what
underlying structures from physical trauma
79
nails protect what
the distal ends of the digits
80
scalp hair protects the head from what
physical trauma, heat loss, sunlight
81
what doe sthe thin fil of sebum covering the epidermis do
reduces water loss from the body and has a bacterial action
82
if body need to lose heat what does it do to blood vessels
dialates them causing more blood flow
83
if the body needs to conserve heat what does it do to the blood vessels?
constricts dermal blood vessels causing less blood flow through the dermis
84
tactile corpuscles detect
light touches to the skin
85
lamellar corpuscles detect
harder touches and pressure
86
free nerve endings respond to ...
temperature and tissue damage (perceived as pain)
87
what does sebum do?
softens skin and hair
88
if the secretion of apocrine seat glands are odorless how does it end up smelling?
bacteria quickly metabolizes the secretion
89
four functions performed by the hypodermis
insulation, protection, binds skin to deeper structures, energy storage
