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Human Body Lab > Chapter 23: Lower Limb > Flashcards

Chapter 23: Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what do the lower limbs do?

A

support the weight of the body and are involved in locomotion

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2
Q

leg means

A

only the lower leg

- the portion of the lower limb between the knee and ankle

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3
Q

what structure does the flexor halluces longus muscle move?

A

big toe

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4
Q

all lower limb bones are ____

A

paired

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5
Q

the ____ binds the lower limb bones to the axial skeleton and is composed of two coxal bones.

A

pelvic girdle

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6
Q

each lower limb has three segments what are they

A

a thigh
a leg
a foot

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7
Q

coxal

A

an irregularly shaped bone

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8
Q

femur

A

thigh bone

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9
Q

patella

A

kneecap

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10
Q

tibia

A

medial bone of leg

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11
Q

fibula

A

lateral bone of leg

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12
Q

tarsals

A

7 bones in proximal part of foot

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13
Q

metatarsals

A

5 bones located distal to tarsals

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14
Q

phalanges

A

bones of digits; usually 14 in number

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15
Q

the bones of the pelvic girdles are parts of the _______.

A

appendicular skeleton

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16
Q

coxal bone

A

composed of three bones- ilium, ischium, and pubis

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17
Q

the illium ischium and pubis fuse together around the ____ year.

A

they fuse together around the 16th year

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18
Q

iliac crest

A

attachment of the quadratus lumvorum muscle

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19
Q

auricular surface

A

articulates with an auricular surface of the sacrum

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20
Q

anterior superior iliac spine

A

attachment of the Sartorius muscle

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21
Q

anterior inferior iliac spine

A

attachment of the rectus femoris muscle

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22
Q

posterior superior iliac spine

A

attachment of ligaments

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23
Q

posterior inferior iliac spine

A

attachment of the piriformis muscle

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24
Q

greater sciatic notch

A

passageway for the sciatic nerve

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25
lesser sciatic notch
passageway for nerves
26
ischial spine
attachment of ligaments and muscles
27
ischial tuberosity
attachment of the hamstring muscles
28
ischial ramus
attachment of the adductor magnus and gracilis muscles
29
pubic body
articulates with the body of the other pubis
30
superior ramus of pubis
attachment of the pectineus muscle
31
inferior ramus of pubis
attachment of the adductor brevis and gracilis muscles
32
acetabulum
articulates with the head of femur
33
the ischial spine is ____ to the greater sciatic notch
inferior
34
the pelvis does what
supports and protects the viscera contained within it - transmits the weight of the head trunk and upper limbs to the lower limbs - provides a strong stable base
35
the false (greater pelvis) is
superior to the pelvic brim
36
the lesser pelvis (true pelvis) is
inferior to the pelvic brim
37
the pelvic inlet is
the entrance to the true pelvis
38
the pelvic outlet is
the inferior opening that is the exit from the true pelvis
39
angle of the pubic arch female and male
female- 90 | male- 55
40
why is it advantageous for a female sacrum to be less curved than a male sacrum
a female may need to pass a baby through her pelvis and a les curved sacrum makes the opening of the pelvic outlet larger
41
head of the femur
articulates with the acetabulum
42
greater trochanter of the femur
attachment of 2 gluteal muscles
43
lesser trochanter of the femur
attachment of the iliopsoas muscles
44
linea aspera of the femur
attachment of the adductor and vasti muscles
45
medial condyle of the femur
articulates with the medial condyle of the tibia
46
lateral condyle of the femur
articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia
47
patellar surface
articulates with the patellas medial and lateral facets
48
medial facet of patella
articulates with the femurs patellar surface
49
lateral facet of patella
articulates with the femurs patellar surface
50
medial condyle of the tibia
articulates with the medial condyle of a femur
51
lateral condyle of the tibia
articulates with the lateral condyle of a femur
52
tibial tuberosity of the tibia
attachment of the patellar ligament
53
crest of the tibia
commonly called the chin
54
medial malleolus of the tibia
ligament attachment and articulates with a talus
55
head of the fibula
articulates with the lateral condyle of a tibia
56
lateral malleolus of the fibula
articulates with a talus
57
nutrient foramen
passageway for blood vessels
58
the greater trochanter is _____ to the lesser trochanter.
superior
59
the patellas apex points ______.
inferiorly
60
the head of the femur faces _____.
medially
61
the lateral malleolus is on the ______ end of the ______.
distal end of the fibula
62
the foot is a lever that aids in _____
locomotion
63
each foot has how many tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges?
7 tarsals 5 metatarsals 14 phalanges
64
the big toe of hallux has how many phalanges? | all the other toes have how many phalanges?
two | - other toes have 3
65
the middle and distal phalanges of the 5th toes are often ___
fused
66
tarsals
articulates with the tibia, fibula, and adjacent tarsals
67
calcaneus
- commonly called the heel bone | - attachment of the calcaneal tendon and articulates with the adjacent tarsals
68
cuboid
articulates with the adjacent tarsals and two metatarsals
69
navicular
articulates with the adjacent tarsals
70
medial cuneiform
articulates with the adjacent tarsals and one metatarsal
71
intermediate cuneiform
articulates with the adjacent tarsals and one metatarsal
72
lateral cuneiform
articulates with the adjacent tarsals and one metatarsal
73
metatarsals 1-5
articulate with the adjacent tarsals and proximal phalanges
74
proximal phalanges
- in hallux, it articulates with the 1st metatarsal and distal phalanx - in other didgits they articulate with the adjacent metatarsals and middle phalanges
75
middle phalanges
articulate with proximal and distal phalanges
76
distal phalanges
in hallux, it articulates wit the proximal phalanx | -in other digits they articulate with middle phalanges
77
the plantar surface of the foot is ____
arched
78
medial to lateral arch
transverse arch
79
anterior to posterior arch
longitudinal arch
80
two components of the longitudinal arch
medial longitudinal arch and lateral longitudinal arch
81
arches at maintained by ____ and ____
ligaments and muscles
82
give the functions of the arches of the feet
shock absorber, make a more stable base, distribute weight, produce thrust
83
what is the singular form of phalanges?
phalanx
84
the navicular is _____ to the cuboid
medial
85
the 2nd metatarsals are _____ to the 3rd metatarsals
medial
86
which tarsal is involved in both longitudinal arches?
calcaneus
87
collectively the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints are called the _____ joint
knee joint
88
what is the common name for the talocrural joint?
ankle

Human Body Lab (55 decks)

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