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Human Body Lab > Chapter 23: Lower Limb > Flashcards

Chapter 23: Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what do the lower limbs do?

A

support the weight of the body and are involved in locomotion

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2
Q

leg means

A

only the lower leg

- the portion of the lower limb between the knee and ankle

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3
Q

what structure does the flexor halluces longus muscle move?

A

big toe

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4
Q

all lower limb bones are ____

A

paired

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5
Q

the ____ binds the lower limb bones to the axial skeleton and is composed of two coxal bones.

A

pelvic girdle

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6
Q

each lower limb has three segments what are they

A

a thigh
a leg
a foot

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7
Q

coxal

A

an irregularly shaped bone

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8
Q

femur

A

thigh bone

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9
Q

patella

A

kneecap

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10
Q

tibia

A

medial bone of leg

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11
Q

fibula

A

lateral bone of leg

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12
Q

tarsals

A

7 bones in proximal part of foot

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13
Q

metatarsals

A

5 bones located distal to tarsals

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14
Q

phalanges

A

bones of digits; usually 14 in number

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15
Q

the bones of the pelvic girdles are parts of the _______.

A

appendicular skeleton

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16
Q

coxal bone

A

composed of three bones- ilium, ischium, and pubis

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17
Q

the illium ischium and pubis fuse together around the ____ year.

A

they fuse together around the 16th year

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18
Q

iliac crest

A

attachment of the quadratus lumvorum muscle

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19
Q

auricular surface

A

articulates with an auricular surface of the sacrum

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20
Q

anterior superior iliac spine

A

attachment of the Sartorius muscle

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21
Q

anterior inferior iliac spine

A

attachment of the rectus femoris muscle

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22
Q

posterior superior iliac spine

A

attachment of ligaments

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23
Q

posterior inferior iliac spine

A

attachment of the piriformis muscle

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24
Q

greater sciatic notch

A

passageway for the sciatic nerve

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25
Q

lesser sciatic notch

A

passageway for nerves

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26
Q

ischial spine

A

attachment of ligaments and muscles

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27
Q

ischial tuberosity

A

attachment of the hamstring muscles

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28
Q

ischial ramus

A

attachment of the adductor magnus and gracilis muscles

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29
Q

pubic body

A

articulates with the body of the other pubis

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30
Q

superior ramus of pubis

A

attachment of the pectineus muscle

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31
Q

inferior ramus of pubis

A

attachment of the adductor brevis and gracilis muscles

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32
Q

acetabulum

A

articulates with the head of femur

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33
Q

the ischial spine is ____ to the greater sciatic notch

A

inferior

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34
Q

the pelvis does what

A

supports and protects the viscera contained within it

  • transmits the weight of the head trunk and upper limbs to the lower limbs
  • provides a strong stable base
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35
Q

the false (greater pelvis) is

A

superior to the pelvic brim

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36
Q

the lesser pelvis (true pelvis) is

A

inferior to the pelvic brim

37
Q

the pelvic inlet is

A

the entrance to the true pelvis

38
Q

the pelvic outlet is

A

the inferior opening that is the exit from the true pelvis

39
Q

angle of the pubic arch female and male

A

female- 90

male- 55

40
Q

why is it advantageous for a female sacrum to be less curved than a male sacrum

A

a female may need to pass a baby through her pelvis and a les curved sacrum makes the opening of the pelvic outlet larger

41
Q

head of the femur

A

articulates with the acetabulum

42
Q

greater trochanter of the femur

A

attachment of 2 gluteal muscles

43
Q

lesser trochanter of the femur

A

attachment of the iliopsoas muscles

44
Q

linea aspera of the femur

A

attachment of the adductor and vasti muscles

45
Q

medial condyle of the femur

A

articulates with the medial condyle of the tibia

46
Q

lateral condyle of the femur

A

articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia

47
Q

patellar surface

A

articulates with the patellas medial and lateral facets

48
Q

medial facet of patella

A

articulates with the femurs patellar surface

49
Q

lateral facet of patella

A

articulates with the femurs patellar surface

50
Q

medial condyle of the tibia

A

articulates with the medial condyle of a femur

51
Q

lateral condyle of the tibia

A

articulates with the lateral condyle of a femur

52
Q

tibial tuberosity of the tibia

A

attachment of the patellar ligament

53
Q

crest of the tibia

A

commonly called the chin

54
Q

medial malleolus of the tibia

A

ligament attachment and articulates with a talus

55
Q

head of the fibula

A

articulates with the lateral condyle of a tibia

56
Q

lateral malleolus of the fibula

A

articulates with a talus

57
Q

nutrient foramen

A

passageway for blood vessels

58
Q

the greater trochanter is _____ to the lesser trochanter.

A

superior

59
Q

the patellas apex points ______.

A

inferiorly

60
Q

the head of the femur faces _____.

A

medially

61
Q

the lateral malleolus is on the ______ end of the ______.

A

distal end of the fibula

62
Q

the foot is a lever that aids in _____

A

locomotion

63
Q

each foot has how many tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges?

A

7 tarsals
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges

64
Q

the big toe of hallux has how many phalanges?

all the other toes have how many phalanges?

A

two

- other toes have 3

65
Q

the middle and distal phalanges of the 5th toes are often ___

A

fused

66
Q

tarsals

A

articulates with the tibia, fibula, and adjacent tarsals

67
Q

calcaneus

A
  • commonly called the heel bone

- attachment of the calcaneal tendon and articulates with the adjacent tarsals

68
Q

cuboid

A

articulates with the adjacent tarsals and two metatarsals

69
Q

navicular

A

articulates with the adjacent tarsals

70
Q

medial cuneiform

A

articulates with the adjacent tarsals and one metatarsal

71
Q

intermediate cuneiform

A

articulates with the adjacent tarsals and one metatarsal

72
Q

lateral cuneiform

A

articulates with the adjacent tarsals and one metatarsal

73
Q

metatarsals 1-5

A

articulate with the adjacent tarsals and proximal phalanges

74
Q

proximal phalanges

A
  • in hallux, it articulates with the 1st metatarsal and distal phalanx
  • in other didgits they articulate with the adjacent metatarsals and middle phalanges
75
Q

middle phalanges

A

articulate with proximal and distal phalanges

76
Q

distal phalanges

A

in hallux, it articulates wit the proximal phalanx

-in other digits they articulate with middle phalanges

77
Q

the plantar surface of the foot is ____

A

arched

78
Q

medial to lateral arch

A

transverse arch

79
Q

anterior to posterior arch

A

longitudinal arch

80
Q

two components of the longitudinal arch

A

medial longitudinal arch and lateral longitudinal arch

81
Q

arches at maintained by ____ and ____

A

ligaments and muscles

82
Q

give the functions of the arches of the feet

A

shock absorber, make a more stable base, distribute weight, produce thrust

83
Q

what is the singular form of phalanges?

A

phalanx

84
Q

the navicular is _____ to the cuboid

A

medial

85
Q

the 2nd metatarsals are _____ to the 3rd metatarsals

A

medial

86
Q

which tarsal is involved in both longitudinal arches?

A

calcaneus

87
Q

collectively the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints are called the _____ joint

A

knee joint

88
Q

what is the common name for the talocrural joint?

A

ankle

Human Body Lab (55 decks)

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