Chapter 5 lab

Question 1

fundamental cell type of bone connective tissue is

Answer 1

osteoblast/osteocyte

Question 2

lacunae

Answer 2

small space where osteocytes reside

Question 3

bone tissue matrix is arranged in two ways

Answer 3

osteons (cylindrical structures) in compact bone, and trabeculae (flat or needle like structure) in spongy bone

Question 4

what do collagenous fibers do to the matrix

Answer 4

give bone bone tissue it tensile strength

Question 5

what does the mineral salts give bone tissue

Answer 5

the ability to hold its shape when squeezed

Question 6

bone marrow is composed of

Answer 6

reticular connective tissue, immature blood cells, and adipocytes

Question 7

the outter surface of bone is formed by a sheath of what

Answer 7

dense irregular connective tissue called the periosteum

Question 8

the periosteum is made from

Answer 8

collagenous fibers that go in all directions

Question 9

what is the fundamental cell type of cartilage connective tissue?

Answer 9

chondrocyte/chondroblast

Question 10

where are chondrocytes found?

Answer 10

in the lacunae

Question 11

what forms the outer surface of most cartilaginous structures?

Answer 11

dense irregular connective tissue, the perichondrium (vascular)

Question 12

hyaline cartilage connective tissue

Answer 12

has collagenous fibers and provides firm support

-found in articular cartilages and in the larynx

Question 13

fibrocartilage connective tissue

Answer 13

collagenous fibers that are thicker than hyaline cartilage,

-provides strong support that can withstand heavy pressure ex: intervertebral discs and menisci of the knee

Question 14

elastic cartilage connective tissue

Answer 14

elastic fibers and collagenous fibers,

• gives structure a firm bus elastic support
• ex: ears and epiglottis (part of larynx

Question 15

ligaments are composed of

Answer 15

dens regular connective tissue

Question 16

fibroblast are the fundamental cell type in what two tissues

Answer 16

dens regular and dense irregular connective tissue

Question 17

difference between dense regular and dense irregular collagenous fibers?

Answer 17

dense regular tissue fibers are in parallel bundles

-dense irregular fibers are in all directions

Question 18

articulation

Answer 18

joint -binds bones together

Question 19

types of joints

Answer 19

synovial, fibrous, cartilaginous

Question 20

two main factors used to classify a join by structure are the….

Answer 20

type of connective tissue binding the bones and whether or not there is a joint cavity

Question 21

fibrous joints

Answer 21

dense connective tissue binds the bones; no joint cavity

Question 22

cartilaginous joints

Answer 22

cartilage connective tissue bines the bones; no joint cavity

Question 23

synovial joints

Answer 23

an articular capsule, ligaments, and muscle bind the bones; joint cavity present

Question 24

fibrous layer of the articular capsule is made of

Answer 24

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 25

the deep layer of the capsule, the synovial membrane is composed of ______ and produces synovial fluid

Answer 25

loose connective tissue

Question 26

dense regular or dense irregular connective tissue is best at resisting tension exerted in a single direction

Answer 26

dense regular connective tissue

Question 27

what type of bone has trabeculae?

Answer 27

spongy

Question 28

what fiber type forms the network of bone marrow?

Answer 28

reticular

Question 29

synarthrosis

Answer 29

immovable

Question 30

arthr

Answer 30

joint

Question 31

amphiarthrosis

Answer 31

slightly movable

Question 32

diarthrosis

Answer 32

freely movable

Question 33

nonaxial

Answer 33

a bone moves in no axis | ex: patellarfemoral joint

Question 34

uniaxial

Answer 34

a bone moves in one axis | ex: elbow joint

Question 35

biaxial

Answer 35

a bone moves in two axis | ex: hand and fingers

Question 36

multiaxial

Answer 36

a bone moves in three axis | ex: shoulder joint

Question 37

true or false: all synovial joints are diarthroses

Answer 37

true

Question 38

how is friction reduced In diarthrotic joints?

Answer 38

1. articular surfaces are composed of articular cartilage so when cartilage rubs against cartilage friction is reduced because cartilage is smoother than bone 2. synovial fluid reduces friction

Question 39

bursa

Answer 39

flat fluid filled sac composed of dense irrecgular connective tissue that is lined by synovial membrane

Question 40

a diarthrotic joint is classified into one of four subclasses by determining...

Answer 40

the number around which movement occurs

Question 41

sarcolemma

Answer 41

plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell

Question 42

epimysium

Answer 42

outermost sheath forms the external surface of skeletal muscle

Question 43

fasicle

Answer 43

group or bundle of muscle cells

Question 44

perimysium

Answer 44

surrounds each fascicle

Question 45

endomysium

Answer 45

surrounds each individual skeletal muscle cell

Question 46

tendon

Answer 46

cord like structure that is either round or flat

Question 47

aponeurosis

Answer 47

sheet like structure

Question 48

origin

Answer 48

less movable body part

Question 49

insertion

Answer 49

more movable body part

Question 50

the perimysium surrounds a ___

Answer 50

fascicle

Question 51

muscle spindles

Answer 51

located in perimysium composed of skeletal muscle cells enclosed in a connected tissue capsule -detects muscle stretch, the length of a muscle and the rate at which the length changes

Question 52

tendon organs

Answer 52

found in a muscles tendon or aponeurosis of insertion, are encapsulated sensory receptors through which collagenous fibers of the tendon pass - detect the amount of tension in a tendon or aponeurosis

Question 53

condyl

Answer 53

knob

Question 54

cruci

Answer 54

cross

Question 55

fasci

Answer 55

bundle

Question 56

icul

Answer 56

small

Question 57

lemma

Answer 57

sheath

Question 58

medull

Answer 58

marrow

Question 59

menisc

Answer 59

crescent

Question 60

myo

Answer 60

muscle

Question 61

mys

Answer 61

muscle

Question 62

sarco

Answer 62

flesh

Question 63

endosteium

Answer 63

line and covers internal bone surfaces

Question 64

periosteum

Answer 64

composes most, but not entire outer surface of bone

Question 65

the articular capsule is composed of

Answer 65

dense irregular connective tissue and loose connective tissue

Question 66

articular cartilage is composed of

Answer 66

hyaline cartilage connective tissue

Question 67

the periosteum is composed of

Answer 67

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 68

the epiphyseal plate iis composed of

Answer 68

hyaline cartilage connective tissue

Question 69

ligament

Answer 69

dense regular connective tissue