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Human Body Lab > Chapter 9 functions > Flashcards

Chapter 9 functions Flashcards

1
Q

arachnoid mater

A

protects brain; absorbs cerebrospinal fluid

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2
Q

pia mater

A

protects brain

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3
Q

cerebrum

A

perception, cognition, memory, initiates voluntary movement

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4
Q

frontal lobe

A

voluntary motor activity, speech, thinking

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5
Q

parietal lobes

A

integrate sensory input form body’s surface about cold, heat, touch, pressure, and pain

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6
Q

temporal lobes

A

receive sensory input about sound

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7
Q

occipital lobes

A

process visual sensory input

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8
Q

corpus callosum

A

fibers connect the cerebral hemispheres

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9
Q

olfactory tracts

A

carry sensory input about smell

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10
Q

olfactory bulbs

A

receive sensory input from CN I (olfactory nerve)

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11
Q

thalamus

A

integrates all types of sensory input and relays it to the cerebrum

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12
Q

hypothalamus

A

integrates many homeostatic functions; secretes neurohormones

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13
Q

infundibulum

A

connects the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary gland

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14
Q

pineal gland

A

secretes melatonin

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15
Q

optic nerves

A

carry sensory input about vision

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16
Q

optic chiasm

A

some optic nerve fibers cross here

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17
Q

optic tracts

A

carry sensory input about vision

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18
Q

corpora quadrigemina

A

has visual and auditory reflex centers; attachment site of CN IV (trochlear)

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19
Q

cerebral peduncles

A

contain fibers that carry motor output from the cerebrum to other regions of CNS; attachment site of CN III (oculomotor)

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20
Q

cerebellum

A

smooths and coordinates skeletal muscle movements

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21
Q

pons

A

has respiratory centers and fiber tracts that connect the cerebrum to the cerebellum and to the spinal cord; attachement site of CN V, VI, VII (trigeminal, abducens, facial)

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22
Q

medulla oblongata

A

controls respiration and heart rate; fiver tracts carry motor output from midbrain to spinal cord; CN VIII attaches at pons medulla border; CN IX, X, XI, XII attach to the medulla oblongata

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23
Q

dura mater

A

protects the spinal cord

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24
Q

arachnoid mater

A

protects spinal cord and absorbs cerebrospinal fluid

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25
pia mater
protects the spinal cord
26
dorsal roots
fibers carry sensory input
27
dorsal root ganglia
location of sensory neuron cell bodies
28
ventral roots
fibers carry motor output
29
cervical spinal nerves
convey sensory input and motor output
30
cervical enlargement
attachment site of the nerves innervating the upper limbs
31
dural septa
prevent excessive movement of the brain within the cranial cavity
32
CN I, olfactory
olfaction (smell)
33
CN II, optic
vision
34
internal carotid arteries
supply the orbits and 80% of the brain (cerebrum)
35
CN III, oculomotor
eye movement, pupil constriction, focusing
36
CN IV, trochlear
eye movment
37
CN V, trigeminal
mastication and sensation from face
38
CN VI, abducens
lateral eye movement
39
CN VII, facial
facial expression and gustation (taste)
40
CN VIII, vestibulocochlear
audition, equilibrium
41
CN IX, glossopharyngeal
gustation, sensation from pharynx (throat), and swallowing
42
CN X, vagus
gustation, visceral sensation, and visceral muscle movement
43
CN XI, accessory
move head and shoulders
44
CN XII
tongue movement (swallowing and speech)
45
vertebral arteries
supply the cervical part of the spinal cord and the brain with blood
46
external auditory meatus
passageway for sound waves
47
mastoid process
attachment of digastric and sternocleidomastoid muslces
48
condylar process
articulates with the mandibular fossa
49
coronoid process
attachment of temporalis muscles
50
mental foramen
blood vessel and nerve passageway
51
temporal fossa
attachment of temporalis muscle
52
zygomatic arch
attachment of masseter muscle
53
styloid process
ligaments and tendons attach here
54
orbit
muscle attachment and protects eye
55
optic canal
Cranial nerve passageway for CN II (optic)
56
superior orbital fissure
cranial nerve passageway for CN III, IV, V-1 and VI
57
nasal cavity
air passageway
58
hard palate
separates the oral and nasal cavities
59
mandibular fossa
articulates with the condylar process
60
carotid canal
blood vessel passageway
61
stylomastoid foramen
cranial nerve passageway CN VII
62
foramen magnum
spinal cord passageway
63
occipital condyle
articulates with the atlas
64
external occipital protuberance
attachment of trapezius muscle
65
superior nuchal line
attachment of trapezius muscle
66
crista galli
attachment of dura mater
67
cribiform plate
cranial nerve passageway CN I (olfactory)
68
sella turcica
location of the pituitary gland
69
foramen rotundum
cranial nerve passageway CN 5-2
70
foramen ovale
cranial nerve passageway CN 5-3
71
internal acoustic meatus
cranial nerve passageway CN 5 and 8
72
jugular foramen
cranial nerve passageway CN 9, 10, 11
73
hypoglossal canal
cranial nerve 12 passageway
74
vertebral canal
passageway for spinal cord
75
intervertebral foramina
passageway for spinal nerves
76
vertebral body
bears weight and articulates with adjacent vertebral bodies
77
dens
articulates with the atlas
78
vertebral arch
protects spinal cord
79
spinous process
muscle attachment
80
bifid spinous process
muscle attachment
81
transverse processes
muscle attachment
82
transverse foramina
passageways for vertebral arteries and veins
83
superior articular facets
articulate with the inferior articular faces of superior vertebrae
84
inferior articular facets
articulate with the superior articular facets of inferior vertebrae
85
temporalis
elevates and retracts mandible
86
masseter
elevates the mandible
87
orbicularis oculi muscles
closes an eyelid
88
orbicularis oris muscle
closes, purses, and protrudes the lips
89
zygomaticus major
smiling
90
levator anguli oris
elevates the corner of the mouth
91
levator labii superioris
elevates the upper lip
92
depressor anguli oris
depresses the corner of the mouth
93
depressor labii inferioris
depresses the lower lip
94
buccinator
flattens a cheek against the teeth as in sucking and whistling
95
sternocleidomastoid
contraction of both flexes the neck, contraction of one rotates the head
96
digastric
depresses the mandible and elevates the hyoid
97
sternohyoid
depresses the hyoid and larynx
98
omohyoid
depresses the hyoid
99
sternothyroid
depresses the larynx and hyoid
100
thyrohyoid
depresses the hyoid and raises the larynx
101
trapezius
extends the head

Human Body Lab (55 decks)

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