Endocrine Diseases

Question 1

acidophils produce?

Answer 1

GH, LH, prolactin

Question 2

basophils produce?

Answer 2

TSH, ACTH, FSH

Question 3

chromophobes?

Answer 3

precursors or spent cells

Question 4

posterior pituitary?

Answer 4

oxytocin and vasopressin

Question 5

pituitary tumor that typically does not produce hormoes; symptoms secondary to local mass effects?

Answer 5

chromophobe adenomas

Question 6

pituitary tumor that produces GH, LH and protactin?

Answer 6

acidophil adenoma

Question 7

caused by GH producing tumor prior to closing of growth plates?

Answer 7

gigantism

Question 8

caused by GH producing tumor after closing of growth plates?

Answer 8

acromegaly

Question 9

impotence in males, amenorrhea in females?

Answer 9

LH producing acidophil adenoma

Question 10

most common, lactation, galactorrhea, amenorrhea?

Answer 10

prolactin producing acidophil adenoma

Question 11

cushing disease (adrenal cortical hyperfunction)?

Answer 11

ACTH producing basophil adenoma

Question 12

rare cause of hyperthyroidism?

Answer 12

TSH producing basophil adenoma

Question 13

resemble ameloblastomas of the jaws?

Answer 13

craniopharyngioma

Question 14

accelerated growth; McCune-Albright syndrome; enlarged sella turcica; macrodontia?

Answer 14

gigantism

Question 15

reduced life span with complications including hypertension, peripheral neuropathy, pulmonary disease?

Answer 15

gigantism

Question 16

excess production of GH after closure of epiphyseal plates?

Answer 16

acromegaly

Question 17

renewed growth in the small bones of the hands and feet and membranous bones of the skull and jaws?

Answer 17

acromegaly

Question 18

anterior open bite and spacing of teeth; coarse facial features; sleep apnea; macroglossia?

Answer 18

acromegaly

Question 19

hypopituitarism; infarction of the pituitary secondary to post partum hemorrhage and shock?

Answer 19

sheehan’s syndrome

Question 20

decreased sexual function; decreased metabolism; cachexia; loss of skin pigment and hair; other endocrine glands will undergo atrophy?

Answer 20

sheehan’s syndrome

Question 21

hypofunction of posterior pituitary; secondary to a variety of factors affecting the hypothalamus or pituitary (trauma; surgery)?

Answer 21

diabetes insipidus

Question 22

secondary to reduced production of growth hormone or reduced response (abnormal and reduced receptors)?

Answer 22

pituitary dwarfism

Question 23

short stature, with normal proportions, with the exception being small facial proportions; delayed shedding of deciduous teeth; delayed permanent tooth eruption, with delayed root development; lack of 3rd molars; low levels of human growth hormone?

Answer 23

pituitary dwarfism

Question 24

thyroid gland requires …. and …. for normal function?

Answer 24

iodine and TSH

Question 25

enlargement of thyroid?

Answer 25

goiter

Question 26

simple goiter is most commonly due to .... deficiency?

Answer 26

iodine

Question 27

exopthalmic goiter; secondary to autoantibody production which binds to and stimulates TSH receptors?

Answer 27

grave's disease

Question 28

hyperthyroidism; symptoms associated with increased metabolic rate; eyelid retraction and lid lag, exophthalmos?

Answer 28

grave's disease

Question 29

elevated free thyroxine and depressed TSH levels?

Answer 29

hyperthyroidism

Question 30

congenital hypothyroidism; secondary to maternal iodine deficiency or congenital defect?

Answer 30

cretinism

Question 31

adult hypothyroidism; secondary to iodine deficiency, surgery, idiopathic atrophy and fibrosis?

Answer 31

myxedema

Question 32

lethargy, weakness and fatigue; dry coarse skin; swelling of the face and extremities; bradycardia; husky voice; macroglossia; thickened lips; delayed tooth eruption?

Answer 32

hypothyroidism

Question 33

elevated TSH?

Answer 33

hypothyroidism

Question 34

lymphocytic thyroiditis; lymphocytic infiltration replaces the normal glandular parencyma; anti-TSH receptor antibodies; euthyroid or mildly hypothyroid?

Answer 34

Hashimoto's disease

Question 35

kidney stones, bone lesions and ulcers of the duodenum; depression; brown tumors; osteitis fibrosa cystica; loss of lamina dura; altered trabecular pattern?

Answer 35

primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 36

renal osteodystrophy?

Answer 36

secondary hyperparathyroidism

Question 37

most commonly due to surgical removal of the parathyroid glands?

Answer 37

hypoparathyroidism

Question 38

hypocalcemia; Chvostek's sign; decreased PTH and calcium; elevated phosphate and normal renal function?

Answer 38

hypoparathyroidism

Question 39

secondary to massive adrenal hemorrhage (anticoagulant therapy, DIC, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome)

Answer 39

acute hypoadrenocortisism

Question 40

chronic hypoadrenocortisism

Answer 40

Addison's disease

Question 41

fatigue, irritability, depression, weakness and hypotension; hyperpigmentation; GI symptoms, salt craving?

Answer 41

Addison's

Question 42

secondary to increased androgens; precocious virilism in males, masculinization or pseudohermaphroditism in females?

Answer 42

adrenogenital syndrome (hyperfunction)

Question 43

hypercortisolism?

Answer 43

Cushing's

Question 44

weight gain (buffalo hump, moon facies); abdominal striae; hirsutism; poor healing?

Answer 44

Cushings

Question 45

retention of Na and loss of K leading to alkalosis, hypokalemia, tetany and tingling; polyuria, hypertension, weakness?

Answer 45

primary aldosteronism

Question 46

common childhood tumor of adrenal medulla?

Answer 46

neuroblastoma

Question 47

adrenal medulla tumor in children and adults?

Answer 47

ganglioneuroma

Question 48

adrenal medulla tumor that may produce epi, leading to associated signs and symptoms. catecholamines may be present in the urine?

Answer 48

pheochromocytoma