Flashcards in Endocrine Diseases Deck (48)
1
acidophils produce?
GH, LH, prolactin
2
basophils produce?
TSH, ACTH, FSH
3
chromophobes?
precursors or spent cells
4
posterior pituitary?
oxytocin and vasopressin
5
pituitary tumor that typically does not produce hormoes; symptoms secondary to local mass effects?
chromophobe adenomas
6
pituitary tumor that produces GH, LH and protactin?
acidophil adenoma
7
caused by GH producing tumor prior to closing of growth plates?
gigantism
8
caused by GH producing tumor after closing of growth plates?
acromegaly
9
impotence in males, amenorrhea in females?
LH producing acidophil adenoma
10
most common, lactation, galactorrhea, amenorrhea?
prolactin producing acidophil adenoma
11
cushing disease (adrenal cortical hyperfunction)?
ACTH producing basophil adenoma
12
rare cause of hyperthyroidism?
TSH producing basophil adenoma
13
resemble ameloblastomas of the jaws?
craniopharyngioma
14
accelerated growth; McCune-Albright syndrome; enlarged sella turcica; macrodontia?
gigantism
15
reduced life span with complications including hypertension, peripheral neuropathy, pulmonary disease?
gigantism
16
excess production of GH after closure of epiphyseal plates?
acromegaly
17
renewed growth in the small bones of the hands and feet and membranous bones of the skull and jaws?
acromegaly
18
anterior open bite and spacing of teeth; coarse facial features; sleep apnea; macroglossia?
acromegaly
19
hypopituitarism; infarction of the pituitary secondary to post partum hemorrhage and shock?
sheehan's syndrome
20
decreased sexual function; decreased metabolism; cachexia; loss of skin pigment and hair; other endocrine glands will undergo atrophy?
sheehan's syndrome
21
hypofunction of posterior pituitary; secondary to a variety of factors affecting the hypothalamus or pituitary (trauma; surgery)?
diabetes insipidus
22
secondary to reduced production of growth hormone or reduced response (abnormal and reduced receptors)?
pituitary dwarfism
23
short stature, with normal proportions, with the exception being small facial proportions; delayed shedding of deciduous teeth; delayed permanent tooth eruption, with delayed root development; lack of 3rd molars; low levels of human growth hormone?
pituitary dwarfism
24
thyroid gland requires .... and .... for normal function?
iodine and TSH
25
enlargement of thyroid?
goiter
26
simple goiter is most commonly due to .... deficiency?
iodine
27
exopthalmic goiter; secondary to autoantibody production which binds to and stimulates TSH receptors?
grave's disease
28
hyperthyroidism; symptoms associated with increased metabolic rate; eyelid retraction and lid lag, exophthalmos?
grave's disease
29
elevated free thyroxine and depressed TSH levels?
hyperthyroidism
30
congenital hypothyroidism; secondary to maternal iodine deficiency or congenital defect?
cretinism
31
adult hypothyroidism; secondary to iodine deficiency, surgery, idiopathic atrophy and fibrosis?
myxedema
32
lethargy, weakness and fatigue; dry coarse skin; swelling of the face and extremities; bradycardia; husky voice; macroglossia; thickened lips; delayed tooth eruption?
hypothyroidism
33
elevated TSH?
hypothyroidism
34
lymphocytic thyroiditis; lymphocytic infiltration replaces the normal glandular parencyma; anti-TSH receptor antibodies; euthyroid or mildly hypothyroid?
Hashimoto's disease
35
kidney stones, bone lesions and ulcers of the duodenum; depression; brown tumors; osteitis fibrosa cystica; loss of lamina dura; altered trabecular pattern?
primary hyperparathyroidism
36
renal osteodystrophy?
secondary hyperparathyroidism
37
most commonly due to surgical removal of the parathyroid glands?
hypoparathyroidism
38
hypocalcemia; Chvostek's sign; decreased PTH and calcium; elevated phosphate and normal renal function?
hypoparathyroidism
39
secondary to massive adrenal hemorrhage (anticoagulant therapy, DIC, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome)
acute hypoadrenocortisism
40
chronic hypoadrenocortisism
Addison's disease
41
fatigue, irritability, depression, weakness and hypotension; hyperpigmentation; GI symptoms, salt craving?
Addison's
42
secondary to increased androgens; precocious virilism in males, masculinization or pseudohermaphroditism in females?
adrenogenital syndrome (hyperfunction)
43
hypercortisolism?
Cushing's
44
weight gain (buffalo hump, moon facies); abdominal striae; hirsutism; poor healing?
Cushings
45
retention of Na and loss of K leading to alkalosis, hypokalemia, tetany and tingling; polyuria, hypertension, weakness?
primary aldosteronism
46
common childhood tumor of adrenal medulla?
neuroblastoma
47
adrenal medulla tumor in children and adults?
ganglioneuroma
48