Flashcards in Hematologic Deck (59)
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1
proliferation of normal lymphoid tissue in response to antigenic challenge; clinical- lymph node enlargement; may involve nodes (commonly the anterior cervical chain), Waldeyer's ring
lymphoid hyperplasia
2
bleeding disorder secondary to a genetic deficiency of clotting factors
hemophilia
3
Hemophilia _: deficiency of factor VIII
A
4
Hemophilia _: deficiency of factor IX
B (Christmas disease)
5
deficiency of von Willibrand's factor
von Willbrand's disease
6
x-linked; severity depends upon the extent of the deficiency; increased PTT
hemophilia A
7
pseudotumor of _; hemarthrosis; increased bleeding from many dental procedures
hemophilia
8
general term, indicating a decrease in red blood cell volume (hematocrit) or concentration of hemoglobin; usually an indication of underlying systemic disease; conditions include vitamin deficiencies, liver disease, malignancies (myelophthisic _)
anemia
9
fatigue, headache, lightheadednes; may see pallor of the mucous membranes
anemia
10
genetic disorder of hemoglobin synthesis; thymine is substituted for adenine; deoxygenated hemoglobin subject to molecular aggregation and polymerization
Sickle cell anemia
11
Codominant gene; abnormal gene confers a resistance to malaria; frequently affects patients in Africa, Mediterranean basin, and Asia; 8% African Americans carry the trait
Sickle cell anemia
12
reduced blood flow to organs and tissues; susceptibility to infections secondary to spleen destruction; reduced trabeculae pattern; "hair on end" skull radiograph
Sickle cell
13
Inherited disorder of hemoglobin synthesis; similar to sickle cell anemia, carriers of the trait are resistant to the malarial organism; Mediterranean, African, Indian and Southwest Asians are more often affected; Hair on end radiograph; bone marrow hyperplasia
Thalassemia
14
hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy; tissue hypoxia; bacterial infections; high-output cardiac failure
thalassemia
15
Complete failure of hematopoietic precursor (stem) cells to differentiate into all elements of the circulation; most cases appear to be an immune-mediated disease caused by cytotoxic T lymphocytes; unknown etiology, but environmental toxins, viruses, and drugs have been impicated
aplastic anemia
16
fatigue, lightheadedness (secondary to erythrocyte deficiency); bleeding disorders (secondary to thombocytopenia)
aplastic anemia
17
Infections (secondary to leukocytic deficiency); Oral: -hemorrhage, petechiae, pallor, ulcerations, gingival hyperplasia
aplastic anemia
18
Aplastic anemia: recurrence is common and patient are at increased risk of developing _ _
acute leukemia
19
Decreased numbers of circulating neutrophils; genetic (infants) or acquired (older children and adults), secondary to numerous infectious, neoplasia, or chemotherapeutic agents
neutropenia
20
increased susceptibility to bacterial infections (ear, oral cavity, later pulmonary); oral lesions: gingival ulcerations
neutropenia
21
decrease or absence of cells of granulocytic derivation, particularly neutrophils; decreased production or increased destruction secondary to certain drugs or some syndromes; may be idiopathic
agranulocytosis
22
bacterial infections and their associated symptoms; oral lesions: punched-out ulcerations, NUG
agranulocytosis
23
idiopathic, periodic reductions in neutrophils; isolated or autosomal dominant; symptoms are associated with the neutrophil count
cyclic neutropenia
24
childhood onset; low neutrophil counts (3-6 days) correspond to infections and their associated symptoms; cycles are approximately 21 days; oral and other GI ulcerations; periodontal bone loss and gingival recession; "floating in air" radiographic appearance
cyclic neutropenia
25
decrease in the number of platelets; secondary to reduced production, increased destruction or sequestration in the spleen (during splenomegaly); systemic diseases such as lupus or HIV also may be characterized by thrombocytopenia
thrombocytopenia
26
_ thrombocytopenic purpura- occurs in childhood after nonspecific viral infection
idiopathic
27
_ thrombocytopenic purpura- coagulation disorder, resulting in numerous thrombi within small blood vessels
thrombotic
28
submucosal/cutaneous hemorrhage; epistaxis; hemoptysis; GI or urinary bleeding; petechia, ecchymosis, hematoma; spontaneous gingival hemorrhage
thrombocytopenia
29
thrombocytopenia: biopsy specimens will show _ deposition within blood vessels
fibrin
30
