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Gram Negative Bacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

Edward and Ewing classification of Enterobacteriacea

A

Escherichiae - E Coli, Shigella
Edwarsielleae - Edwardsidlla
Salmonellae - Salmonella
Citrobecterae - Citrobacter
Klebsielleae - Kleibsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia
Proteae - Proteus, Morganella
Yersinieae - Yersinia
Erwinieae - Erwinia

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2
Q

Gram Negative bacteria features

A

Non sporing
Aerobic
Peritrichous flagella
Glucose fermentation
Nitrate to Nitrite
Catalase +ve
Oxidase -ve

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3
Q

All Gram negative Bacteria arr motile except

A

Shigella
Salmonella gallinarum
Salmonella pullorum

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4
Q

All Gram negative organisms are Catalase positive except

A

Shigella dysenteriae - Catalse -ve

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5
Q

Classification of gram negative organisms on the basis of Lactose fermentation

A

Lactose fermenter
Non lactose fermenter
Late lactose fermenter

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6
Q

Examples of lactose fermenter

A

E coli
Kleibsiella
Enterobacter Citrobacter

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7
Q

Examples of Non lactose fermenter

A

Salmonella
Shigella
Proteus
Yersinia

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8
Q

Example of Late lactose fermenter

A

Shigella sonnei

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9
Q

Test for Lactose fermentation

A

MacConkey agar
CLED (Cystein lactose electrolyte deficient)
Eosin methylene blue

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10
Q

MacConkey agar consist of

A

PLANT
Peptone
Lactose - diff. Media
Agar
Neutral red - Indicator media
Taurocholate (Bile salts) - Selective media

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11
Q

MacConkey agar gives which color

A

Pretty Pink color

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12
Q

MacConkey agar is combination of

A

Differential media , indicator media and selective media

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13
Q

Indicator media for CLED

A

Bromothymol blue

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14
Q

CLED better than MacConkey agar because

A

It’s less inhibitory
Allow both gram Positive and gram negative to grow

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15
Q

CLED gives which color

A

Yellow

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16
Q

Eosin methylene blue shows which colonies and color

A

Blue Blackish colonies with green shin around it

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17
Q

Classification of Ecoli on the basis of Antigen

A

Somatic O (cell wall)
Capsular K antigen
Flagella H antigen

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18
Q

Toxins secreted by Ecoli

A

Hemolysin
Enterotoxins - Labile toxin, Stable toxin, Verocytotoxin/Shiga like toxin

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19
Q

Enterotoxin/Labile toxin fragments

A

Fragment A - increases cAMP
Fragment B - Binds to GM1 ganglioside
Labile in air

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20
Q

Stable toxin features

A

cGMP
Stable on ground

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21
Q

Mechanism of action of Shiga toxin or shiga like toxin

A

Decreases 60S ribosomes - decrease protein synthesis

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22
Q

Clinical features of Ecoli

A

UTI
Diarrhea
Meningitis
Sepsis
Pneumonia

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23
Q

Diarrheal strains of E Coli

A

EPEC(Enteropathogenic)
ETEC(Enterotoxigenic)
EIEC(Enteroinvasive)
EHEC(Enterohemorrhagic)
EAEC(Enteroaggregatory)
DAEC(Diffuselyadherent)

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24
Q

Enteropathogenic Ecoli causes

A

Pediatric/Infantile diarrhea (bcz it produces bundle forming pili) - Plasmid coded

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25
Enteropathogenic Ecoli shows which lesion
Shows A/E Lesions (Attachment/Effacement lesion)
26
Enterotoxigenic Ecoli causes
Traveller's Diarrhea Large infectivity dose is needed Colonisation factor antigen (CFA)
27
Enteroinvasive Ecoli causes
Dysentery (BLOOD + STOOLS)
28
Antigen responsible for Traveller's Diarrhea
Colonisation factor antigen (CFA)
29
Antigen responsible for Dysentery caused by E coli
Virulence marker antigen (VMA)
30
Enterohemorrhagic Ecoli causes
Hemolytic uremic Syndrome Hemorrhagic Cystitis
31
Most common cause of Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Ecoli 0157/H7
32
Sereny test
Inoculation suspension of bacteria into Guinea's pig - mucopurulent conjunctivitis and severe keratitis - indicates Positive test
33
Sereny test is done for
EIEC Shigella Listeria monocytogenes
34
Selective and differential medium used for detection of Enterohemorrhagic Ecoli
SMAC Test (Sorbitol McConkey agar) - 0157/H7 doesn't shows this reaction
35
Small infectivity dose is needed for which bacilli
CHHOTA SMALL Cryptosporidium E. Histolytica Enterohemorrhagic Ecoli Shigella G. Lamblia
36
Enteroaggregatory Ecoli causes
Persistent diarrhea (>14 day)
37
Toxin involved in Enteroaggregatory Ecoli
EAST 1 Toxin
38
Enteroaggregatory Ecoli on Hep2 cell line shows
Stagged brick appearance
39
Sample in case of UTI due to Ecoli
Urine - fresh clean catch midstream urine Suprapubic aspiration(Obstructive uropathy) Catheter specimen not recommended
40
Blood Agar finding for Ecoli
Hemolytic
41
Finding of MacConkey agar for Ecoli
Pink color
42
CLED Finding for Ecoli
Shows yellow color
43
Selective media used for Ecoli diagnosis
DCA(Deoxycholate citrate agar)
44
IMVIC Test
Indole test - Red color Methyl red test - Red + Voges Proskauer test - Red + Citrate utilization test - Blue +
45
Biochemical test findings/IMVIC of Ecoli
Ferment glucose/lactose Indole + Methyl red + Voges Proskauer -ve Citrate utilization test -ve
46
IMVIC Test result in Ecoli and Klebsiella
++-- (Ecoli) --++ (Klebsiella)
47
Treatment of Ecoli infection
Uncomplicated - Cotrimoxazole or Ciprofloxacin Depends on sensitivity
48
Shigella features
Non motile Non sporing Non encapsulated Gram Negative bacilli Low infective dose needed No lactose fermentation
49
All shigella species are Catalase +ve and shows Mannitol fermentation except
Shigella dysenteriae
50
Shigella includes
Shigella dysenteriae Shigella flexneri - M/C India Shigella boydii Shigella sonnei
51
Which shigella species shows non lactose fermentation
S. Dysenteriae S. Flexneri S. Boydii
52
Which shigella species shows late lactose fermentation
S. Sonnei - M/C worldwide
53
Toxins release by Shigella
Exotoxin - Enterotoxin (SheT 1 and 2), Cytotoxin (Shiga toxin) Endotoxin
54
Pathogenesis of Shigella infection
Shigella enters with the help of M cells - Rupture Macrophages - then enters again via basolateral endocytosis - cell by cell actin polymerisation
55
Antigens associated with shigella infection
Virulence marker Antigen (VMA) Invasive Plasmid antigen (IPA)
56
Incubation period of shigellosis
1-4 days
57
Initial clinical manifestations of Shigellosis
Water diarrhea - Dysentery
58
Complications of Shigellosis
Toxic megacolon Perforation Metabolic complications - Hypoglycemia, Hyponatremia
59
Shigella encephalopathy is termed as
Ekiri Syndrome - Toxic encephalopathy, Delirium, Confusion
60
HUS can be caused by
Enterohemorrhagic Ecoli Shigella
61
Reiter's Syndrome includes
Reactive arthritis Urethritis Conjunctivitis
62
IMVIC Test in Shigellosis
M SHY - Shigella, Yersinia Methyl red + IMVIC : -+--
63
Transport media used in Shigellosis
SBGS (Sachs buffered Glycerol saline)
64
Enrichment media or broth used in Shigella and Salmonella infection
Sclenite F broth Tetrathionate B broth
65
Selective media used for diagnosis of Shigella and Salmonella
XLD ( Xylase Lysine deoxycholate) DCA (Deoxycholate agar) SS (Salmonella Shigella agar) HE (Hektoen enteric agar)

Microbiology (37 decks)

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