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Microbiology > Vibrio And non fermenters > Flashcards

Vibrio And non fermenters Flashcards

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1
Q

Classification of Vibrio

A

Halophilic - need salt 7-10%
Non - Halophilic - cannot grow at high salt

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2
Q

Halophilic Vibrio includes

A

V. Parahemolyticus
V. Alginolyticus
V. Vulnificus

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3
Q

Non Halophilic Vibrio includes

A

V. Cholerae
V. Mimicus

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4
Q

Gardener and Venkatraman classification of Vibrio

A

Vibrio - Vibrio cholera : 1) O1 2)O139 3) O2-O138
O1 is further classified into
Classical
Eltor and
Eltor variants

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5
Q

Eltor for any test
For any sensitivity
For carriers

A

Test - Positive
Sensitivity - Resistant
Carriers - more

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6
Q

Infectivity dose of Vibrio cholera

A

10^8 CFU/ml - high infectivity dose (most of Vibrio killed by acid in stomach)

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7
Q

In cholera, mucus is crossed by which enzyme

A

Mucinase

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8
Q

Intestinal epithelial adhesion in cholera is done with the help of

A

Toxin coregulated pilus (TCP)

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9
Q

Which toxin breaks tight junctions in case of cholera

A

Zona occludens toxin

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10
Q

Cholera toxin is coded by which gene

A

CTx gene

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11
Q

Cholera toxin mechanism of action

A

Fragment A : MOA - Activates adneylate cyclase - increases cAMP - phosphorylation of CFTR - ions secreted in lumen - Rice water stool
Fragment B - Binds to GM1 ganglioside

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12
Q

Which toxin increases cAMP

A

CAMP
Cholera toxin
Anthrax toxin
ETEC (labile)
Pertussis

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13
Q

Incubation period of Cholera

A

1-5 days

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14
Q

Carrier of Cholera

A

Eltor&raquo_space; Classical

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15
Q

Clinical features of Cholera

A

Rice water stools - Sudden onset, mucus flakes, fishy odor

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16
Q

Transport medium used for Diagnosis of cholera

A

Venkatraman Ramakrishna medium
Carry Blair medium

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17
Q

Microscopic Findings of V. Cholera

A

Comma shaped, curved Gram -ve organism
Fish in stream appearance

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18
Q

Motility shown by V Cholera

A

Darting/Shooting star Motility
Monotrichous flagella
Fish in stream appearance

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19
Q

MacConkey agar finding for V. Cholera

A

Non lactose fermenter

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20
Q

Blood agar and Nutrient agar findings for V Cholera

A

Blood agar - Greenish Hemolysis
Nutrient agar - Translucent colonies (bluish tinge in light)

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21
Q

Gelatin swab finding for V. Cholera

A

Napiform/turnip liquifaction

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22
Q

Enrichment media used for V. Cholera

A

Alkaline peptone water
Monsours taurocholate tellurite peptone water

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23
Q

Selective media used for cholera

A

TCBS (Thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose)
ABSA (Alkaline bile salt agar)
GTTA (Gelatin Taurocholate Trypticase tellurite agar) - Black centre and halo

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24
Q

Which selective media can be used to differentiate between Sucrose fermenter and Non Sucrose fermenter

A

TCBS ( Thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose)
Indicator - Bromothymol blue

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25
Biochemical tests used for cholera
CCOINSS C - Cholera red reaction C - Catalase +ve O - Oxidase +ve I - Indole test +ve N - Nitrate reduction +ve S - Sucrose lysis +ve S - String test
26
In cholera red reaction, Red color is due to
Nitrosoindole Compound
27
String test
Treat the sample with 0.5% deoxycholate - Vibrio damage - DNA Comes out - Strings seen
28
Treatment of Cholera
ORS with or without Fluids Antibiotics if needed - Doxycycline (adults), Azithromycin (Children, Pregnancy)
29
Vaccine for Cholera
Live oral vaccine
30
Vibrio mimicus is known to cause
Mimicus - Macchi food Gasteroenteritis due to seafood consumption
31
Vibrio Parahemolyticus is known to cause
Gasteroenteritis (seafood) Wound infection
32
Kanagawa phenomenon is shown by
Vibrio Parahemolyticus
33
Kanagawa phenomenon
On Wagatsuma agar (Blood agar with 2-4% salt) Pathogenic strains - Hemolytic Non pathogenic strains - Non Hemolytic
34
Vibrio vulnificus can cause
Normal individuals - Gasteroenteritis Immunocompromised - Sepsis
35
Which Halophilic Vibrio can be a lactose fermenter
V. Vulnificus
36
Vibrio Alginolyticus is known to cause
Conjunctivitis Otitis media
37
Which Halophilic Vibrio is most tolerant to Nacl
V Alginolyticus
38
Which Vibrio species shows Swarming motility
V. Parahemolyticus V. Alginolyticus
39
Examples of Non fermenters
Uses sugars oxidatively Pseudomonas Burkholdiera Mallei Burkholdiera Pseudomallei Acinetobacter Baumanni
40
Pseudomonas features
Gram negative bacillus Catalse+ve Oxidae +ve
41
Virulence factors of Pseudomonas
Capsule +
42
Pigments shown by Pseudomonas
Pyocyanosis (Blue green pigment) Pyoverdine - Greenish yellow Pyorubin - Red Pyomelanin - Brown black
43
Pyocyanosis enhances on which medium
Kings medium
44
Alginic acid is found in
Mucoid strains of Pseudomonas Biofilm production
45
Toxins of Pseudomonas and MOA
Exotoxin A - decrease protein synthesis by ADP phosphorylation of EF2
46
Clinical features of Pseudomonas
PSM HUB Pneumonia (HAP, VAP) Swimmers ear/Simple otitsi externa Hot tub Folliculitis Shanghai fever - Sepsis + enteric disease Meningitis UTI (Catheter Associated) Burn wound infections Green Nail syndrome
47
Microscopic Findings of Pseudomonas
Gram -ve Can be motile Pigment enhanced by Kings medium
48
Iridescence property shown by Pseudomonas
Large opaque colonies with metallic shine
49
Selective media used for Pseudomonas
Cetrimide agar
50
Pseudomonas Mnemonic
PSEUDOMONAS P - Pigments - enhances on Kings medium S - Sweet/Fruity odor E - Iridescence (Colonies metallic shine) U - Use sugar Oxidatively MO - Motile N - Non lactose fermenter A - Agar beta hemolytic S - Selective - Cetrimide agar
51
Pseudomonas is susceptible to
Silver salts Silver sulphonamide in topical burn creams
52
Burkholdiera Pseudomallei causes
Meliodosis
53
Burkholdiera Pseudomallei is also known as
Vietnam time bomb or Whitemore bacillus
54
Culture used for Burkholdiera Pseudomallei
ASA (Ashdown agar) - Crystal Violet with gentamicin
55
Microscopic Findings of burkholdiera Pseudomallei
Safety pin appearance
56
Treatment of Burkholdiera Pseudomallei
Carbapenem, Imipenem
57
Burkholdiera Mallei causes
Disease in animals (Glanders disease)
58
Diagnosis of Burkholdiera Mallei
Strauss reaction - inoculation in Guinea pig - testicular swelling
59
Clinical features of Burkholdiera Mallei
Skin ulcers Pneumonia Lymphadenopathy
60
Which Burkholdiera is most common and most potent
Burkholdiera Cepacia
61
Burkholdiera Cepacia is associated with
Chronic granulomatous disease And Cystic fibrosis
62
Burkholdiera Cepacia Mnemonic
CePaCiA Most common Burkholdiera Most Potent A/w Chronic Granulomatous disease and Cystic fibrosis A - Antibiotic resistance

Microbiology (37 decks)

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