Virology - General Properties Flashcards by Richhpal Singh

Which virus have Ribosomes

No ribosomes except Arenavirus - contain non - functional ribosome (host ribosome)

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Symmetry of DNA Viruses

Icosahedral Symmetry Except Poxvirus

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Symmetry of Poxvirus

Complex symmetry

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Helical symmetry is shown by

Some RNA Viruses
MRFAB
Myxovirus
Rhabdovirus
Filovirus
Arenavirus
Bunyavirus

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Envelope of virus is made up of

Lipoprotein - Lipo from host and Protein from virus

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Enveloped Viruses are sensitive to

Ether sensitive
Alcohol sensitive
Heat labile
Can be eliminated by hand sanitization

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Examples of Non enveloped DNA Viruses

PAP
Parvovirus
Adenovirus
Papovavirus

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Examples of Non enveloped RNA Viruses

PARCH
Picornavirus
Astrovirus
Reovirus
Calicivirus
Hep A
Hep E

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Capsid means

The protein shell of a virus particle surrounding its nucleic acid.

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Nucleocapsid means

Genome (nucleic acid) + Capsid

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Envelope proteins are also known as

Peplomers

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Virion means

Nucleic acid with Capsid

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Viroid means

Naked ssRNA without capsid

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Prion means

Misfolded proteins

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Site of nucleic acid replication in DNA Viruses

Nucleus except Poxvirus

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Site of nucleic acid replication in RNA Viruses and Exceptions

Cytoplasm except Retrovirus and Orthomyxovirus (Influenza)

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Steps of Viral Replication

APPU on a BAR Stool
1) Attachment - most specific step, attachment betw virus and host
2) Penetration/Viropexia - Phagocytosis by Macrophages, Membrane fusion (HIV)
3) Uncoating - Capsule lysed by host lysoszymes
4) Biosynthesis - New virions synthesis
5) Assembly and Maturation
6) Release

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Which step of Viral Replication is most specific

Attachment/Adsorption

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Which step of viral Replication is absent in Bacteriophages

Uncoating

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Eclipse phase means

Time between host entry and First virus formation

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Eclipse phase in Bacteriophages and Animal virus last for

Bacteriophage: 15-30 min. (Uncoating absent)
Animal virus : 15-30 hrs

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DNA Viruses includes

HHAPPPy
Hepadnaviridae (HBV)
Herpesviridae - HSV, HZV, EBV, CMV, HHV
Adenoviridae
Poxviridae - Variola, vaccinia, Molluscum
Papovaviridae - HPV, BK, JC, Polyoma
Parvoviridae
Bacteriophage

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Size of viruses is determined by which Methods

Ultrafiltration
Ultracentrifugation
Electron microscopy

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Size of virus ranges from

20nm to 300nm

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Largest virus and its size

Poxvirus - 300nm

Smallest virus and its size

Parvovirus - 20nm

Shape of Rabies virus

Bullet shape

Shape of Coronavirus

Crown shape

Shape of Poxvirus

Box/Brick shape with Dumbell DNA core

Shape of Ebola virus

Bowl of spaghetti/Filamentous shape

Shape of Astrovirus

Star shape

Shape of Rotavirus

Rotating wheel

Shape of Adenovirus

Space vehicle shape

Shape of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)

Rod shaped (Cigarette)

Strand of DNA Viruses

All are dsDNA except Parvovirus

Which only DNA virus contains ssDNA

Parvovirus

RNA Viruses have how many copies of ssRNA and their segmentation

All RNA Viruses have one copy of ssRNA and are unsegmented With some exceptions

Which RNA virus have 2 copies ssRNA and it's unsegmented

Retrovirus

Which RNA virus have dsRNA And it's segmented

Reo/Rotavirus - 11 segments

Which RNA virus have dsRNA And it's segmented

Reo/Rotavirus

Which RNA Viruses are segmented

BIRA Bunyavirus Influenzae (Orthomyxovirus) Reo/Rotavirus Arenavirus

How many segments are there in Bunyavirus

3 segments

How many segments are there in Influenza/Orthomyxovirus

8 segments

How many segments are there in Reo/Rotavirus

11 segments

How many segments are there in Arenavirus

2 segments

All RNA Viruses are usually Positive sense RNA Except

MRFAB Myxoviridae Rhabdoviridae Filovirus Arenavirus Bunyavirus

Negative sense RNA can be converted into Positive sense RNA with the help of which enzyme

RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP)

Which virus have largest Genome

Retrovirus

Which virus have smallest Genome

Hep D virus > Hep B virus

Animal inoculation can be done for which viruses

Brain of suckling mice Ex. Coxsackie A, B - A causes flaccid paralysis and B causes Spastic paralysis Arbovirus

Embryonated egg inoculation methods includes

Chorioallantoic Membrane Yolk sac Amniotic membrane Allantoic cavity

Chorioallantoic Membrane is needed to grow which viruses

Vaccinia Variola HSV 1 and 2

Yolk sac is used to grow which organisms

CAR Arbovirus Chlamydia Ricketssia

Amniotic membrane is used for isolation of

Influenza isolation

Allantoic cavity is used for which viruses

ALL Protective YARI Rabies Vaccine protection of Influenza Rabies

Cell line methods for tissue culture are classified into

Primary cell lines Secondary cell lines Continuos cell lines

Divisions and Examples of Primary cell lines

5-10 divisions Rhesus kidney cell line Human amniotic cell line Chick embryo fibroblast

Divisions and Examples of Secondary cell lines

10-50 divisions Human fibroblast cell line - CMV MRC-5 WI38

Divisions and Examples of Continous cell lines

Continous divisions HeLa Hep 2, KB McKoy Vero Detroit 6 BHK

Cytopathic effect or Inclusion bodies means

Effect of virus in a cell

Intracytoplasmic Negri bodies are seen in which viral infection

Rabies - seen in cerebellum and Hippocampus

Intracytoplasmic Paschen bodies are seen in

Variola

Intracytoplasmic Guarnieri bodies are seen in

Vaccinia

Intracytoplasmic Bollinger bodies are seen in

Fowlpox

Intracytoplasmic Henderson Peterson Bodies (HP Bodies) are seen in

Molluscum Contagiosum - cup shaped lesion

Intranuclear Cowdry Type A bodies seen in

HAY BAP Yellow fever - Torres body Herpes - Lipschultz body

Intranuclear Cowdry Type B Bodies are seen in

HAY BAP Adenovirus Poliovirus

Cytopathic effect seen im case of HSV Infection

3M phenomenon Multinucleated, Moulding, Margination of chromatin + Cowdry A

Both intracytoplasmic and Intranuclear inclusion bodies/Cytopathic effect can be seen in

OW CM CMV - Owl eye inclusions Measles - Wartin Finkaldey giant cells

Assays to know infectivity of viruses

Physical Methods - PCR, E/M Chemical Methods - Endpoint assays (Qualitative), Plaque and Pock Assay (Quantitative)

Interferons are specific to

Cytokines produced by host Host specific

Types of Interferons

Interferon alpha Interferon Beta Interferon Gamma

Source and Functions of Interferon alpha

Source - Leukocytes Function - antiviral properties

Source and Function of Interferon Beta

Source - Fibroblast Functions - Antiviral properties, used for treatment of Multiple sclerosis

Source and Function of Interferon gamma

Source - Th1 cells Functions - For treatment of Chronic Granulomatous disease

Virology - General Properties Flashcards

(75 cards)