Histology - 514-2

Question 1

T/F

The volume of cells exceeds the volume of extracellular matrix in connective tissues.

Answer 1

False.

The extracellular matrix is much greater.

Question 2

Name four types of connective tissue

Answer 2

Ebryonic
Connective tissue proper
Specialized
Supporting

Question 3

What is an example of embryonic connective tissue?

Answer 3

Mesenchymal

also mucous

Question 4

Name four kinds of CT Proper.

Answer 4

Loose
Dense (regular and irregular)
Reticular
Elastic

Question 5

What is an example of specialized CT?

Answer 5

Adipose tissue

also hematopietic

Question 6

What are two types of supporting CT?

Answer 6

Cartilage (hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage)

Bone

Question 7

What are all connective tissues derived from?

Answer 7

Mesenchyme

embryonic mesenchymal cells

Question 8

Which connective tissue cell is most abundant?

Answer 8

Fibroblasts

Question 9

Why fibroblasts, not fibrocytes?

Answer 9

Because they are so transformable.

Question 10

From what cell is a macrophage derived?

Answer 10

Monocyte

type of WBC - leukocyte

Question 11

Trace the cell differentiation that results in an osteoclast

Answer 11

(working backwards)

Osteoclast - macrophage - monocyte - hematopoietic stem cell - mesenchyme

Question 12

T/F

Extracellular matrix is found in epithelia

Answer 12

False

Question 13

What is ground substance

Answer 13

component of ECM / gel-like amorphous subst

Question 14

What characterizes Reticular Fibers

Answer 14

Type III collagen
Spongy tissue (bv walls)

Question 15

What characterizes Elastic Fibers?

Answer 15

made from Elastin

can stretch 150% resting length

Question 16

What is the most abundant type of collagen?

Answer 16

Type I

Question 17

What type of collagen is a gel-like substance?

Answer 17

Type IV

Question 18

What type of collagen is abundant in the placenta?

Answer 18

Type V

Question 19

Which collagen forms anchoring loops in the basal lamina?

Answer 19

Type VII

Question 20

What collagen is found in Descement’s membrane in the cornea?

Answer 20

Type VIII

Question 21

What collagen type is found in mineralizing cartilage?

Answer 21

Type X

Question 22

What cell produces collagen?

Answer 22

Fibroblasts

Question 23

What are the steps of collagen production?

Answer 23

Preprocollagen - pro collagen - tropocollagen - collagen fibrils

Question 24

What step is Vitamin C dependent?

Answer 24

Preprocollagen - procollagen

enzymes depend on C to put into triple helix

Question 25

Does tropocollagen have end strands?

Answer 25

No - end strands are removed at this stage

Question 26

What can bind ECM ground substance to integrin proteins?

Answer 26

Glycoprotein

Question 27

What does "areolar" mean?

Answer 27

loose

Question 28

What are the four kinds of connective tissue proper?

Answer 28

Loose Dense (regular and irregular) Reticular Elastic

Question 29

How do Mast Cells "dilute" an area of infection?

Answer 29

Release histamine (vasodilator)

Question 30

Where are type III collagen fibers found?

Answer 30

Reticular CT

Question 31

T/F | Elastic fibers are branched

Answer 31

False

Question 32

What's going on with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome that allows for unusually elastic skin?

Answer 32

Defective Collagen synthesis.

Question 33

What kind of adipose tissue is multilocular?

Answer 33

Brown

Question 34

What can be considered intracellular CT?

Answer 34

Adipose tissue

Question 35

What kind of fat gets its name from an organelle?

Answer 35

Brown - because it is loaded with mitochondria.

Question 36

Name 3 kinds of cartilage and 2 kinds of bone

Answer 36

Hyaline, Elastic, Fibro- | Compact and Spongy

Question 37

What membrane surrounds cartilage?

Answer 37

Perichondrium

Question 38

What are chondroblasts surrounded by matrix?

Answer 38

Chondrocytes

Question 39

All cartilage contains what type of collagen?

Answer 39

Type II

Question 40

What type of cartilage is the template for endochondral bone formation?

Answer 40

Hyaline

Question 41

What additional ingredient does elastic cartilage contain?

Answer 41

``` Elastic fibers (found in external ear / epiglottis) ```

Question 42

T/F | Elastic Cartilage has no perichondrium.

Answer 42

False

Question 43

What type of cartilage is found in the TMJ?

Answer 43

Fibrocartilage | Resists compressing and absorbs shock

Question 44

What type of collagen is found in the TMJ

Answer 44

Type I and II | Type II only in hyaline/elastic

Question 45

What's another name for spongy bone?

Answer 45

Trabecular