Infectious Disease

Question 1

What is the Herpes Simplex Virus

Answer 1

Common viral infeciton causing sores (cold sores, genital sores)
- primary infection comes with fever, malaise and lympadenopathy

Question 2

What is the Herpes Zoster Virus

Answer 2

Aka Shingles, is a viral infection post chickenpox infection. Presenting itself when the immune system is weak
- Identifable by tingling and burning pain followed by macules and lesion that burst and crust over.

Question 3

Medications for TB

Answer 3

Isoniazide - hard on liver
Rifampin - reduced effectiveness of oral contraceptives, and turns body fluids orange

Question 4

Ways to diagnose TB

Answer 4

1. Interferon Y release assay - blood draw used to diagnose latent TB
2. 3 sterile sputum culture - gold standard, take 3-8 weeks
3. Smear microscopy - can determine latent or active
4. Mantoux or TB skin test. Positive results : >15mm for gen. pop., >10mm for healthcare imployees/pop. living in crowded space, >5mm for immunocompromised

Question 5

TB diet

Answer 5

• High carb
• High protein

Question 6

TB S/S

Answer 6

• cough with sometime blood tinged sputum
• night sweats
• malaise
• fever

Question 7

What is HIV

Answer 7

A virus that attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells. If CD4 count is <200 then it is considered AIDS.
S/S: flu like, lymphadenopathy, maculopapular rash (small, red, raised)

Question 8

What is syphillis and its stages

Answer 8

Bacterial infection spread through sex
1. Primary stage: painless genital ulcer
2. Secondary: systemic symptoms, diffuse rash, oral lesions, hepatitis, grey gential papule (condyloma latum)
3. Teritary: if untreated will cause destructive systmic lesions
4. Latent: asymptomatic

Question 9

Chlamydia

Answer 9

Common STI
S/S: urethritis (urinary pain and frequency), bleeding during sex, vaginal discharge

Question 10

Gonorrhea

Answer 10

STI that infects cervix and uretha
S/S: purulent discharge, bleeding during sex, pain with peeing
C/O: PID

Question 11

How long is influenza contagious

Answer 11

5-7 days after symptom onset

Question 12

Acute Rheumatic Fever (S/S, C/O)

Answer 12

An inflammatory response several weeks following strep A (strep throat) infection
S/S
- fever
- Joint point
- erythema rash
- carditis
- involuntary jerking of extremities
C/o
- Cardiac and valve damage

Question 13

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction

Answer 13

Acute onset of fever, chills, and myalgias 6-48 hrs post initiation of treatment for syphillis or lyme disease
Tx: NSAIDs and IV fluids

Question 14

Chlamydia vs Gonorrhea vs Trichomoniasis

Answer 14

C
- Bacterial
- Bleeding after sex
- Urinary pain and frequency
G
- Bacterial
- Bleeding after sex
- Urinary pain and frequency
- green/yellow discharge
T
- Bleeding after sex
- Urinary pain and frequency
- Thin, frothy vaginal discharge with erythema