Musculoskeletal

Question 1

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Answer 1

Auto immune inflammation of the spine

Question 2

Compartment syndrome (causes)

Answer 2

Pain caused by decreased blood flow to distal tissues d/t increase pressure compressing vessels
Causes:
- bleed/edema
- burns (thirdspacing)
- cast/dressing
- MS injury
- Iv infiltration
- snake bites

Question 3

Compartment syndrome S/S

Answer 3

S/S 7Ps
- Pain
- Pallor
- Pressure
- Pulselessness
- Poikilothermia (cold)
- Paralysis
- Paresthesia

Question 4

What is autonomic dysreflexia

Answer 4

Life threatening condition triggered by noxious stimuli in a spinal injury pt (typically, full bladder, impacted colon, or contstrictive clothing). This causes an unregulated sympathetic response leading to severe hypertension, headache, sweating, bradycardia, and flushing above the injury site.

Question 5

What is parkinsons disease

Answer 5

A degeneration of dopamine production and uncontroled activity of acetylcholine (speeds things up).
S/S resting tremor (pill rolling), hunchback, shuffling gait, orthstatic HOTH, dyphagia

Question 6

Risk factors for osteoporosis

Answer 6

• age
• postmenopause (decrease estrogen)
• low body weight
• smoking/alcohol
• hyperthyroidism (vit d and calcium deficiency)
• steroids

Question 7

Medications for osteoporosis

Answer 7

• Vit D
• Calcium carbonate (<500mg per dose, take with food)
• Bisphophonate (allows for faster bone mineralization, take with full glass of water on empty stomach, stay upright 3-60 min post, dont take with calcium)

Question 8

Post hip replacement positioning

Answer 8

Avoid hip flexion at 90 degree

Question 9

Foods to avoid with gout

Answer 9

High in purine (organ meat, wine, alcohol, aged cheese)

Question 10

Residual Limb Care (BKA, AKA)

Answer 10

• clean limb with soap and water
• inspect for signs of infection
• keep limb sock and wraps dry
• perform daily range of motion excerises

Question 11

Osteomalacia

Answer 11

Vit D deficiency