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Physiology > Learning, Memory, Behavior > Flashcards

Learning, Memory, Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

Where is Broca’s area found?

A

Prefontal and motor cortex

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2
Q

What area is a major output route of the limbic system for emotion?

A

Hypothalamus

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3
Q

Beside language comprehension, Wernicke’s area gets info from where else?

A

Somatic, visual, and auditory

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4
Q

Broca’s area is _______

A

Word formation

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5
Q

The thought of pain probably depends almost entire on _____ centers such as hypothalamus, amygadala, and mesencephalon

A

lower

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT associated w/ decreased potassium conductance in the presynaptic terminal?

A. Prolonged AP at synaptic terminal
B. Prolonged activation of Ca2+ channels at presynaptic terminal
C. Decreased neurotransmitter release at synapse
D. Increase excitability at sensory terminal

A

Decreased neurotransmitter release at synapse

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7
Q

(T/F)

Structural changes occur in synapses during development of long term memory

A

True

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8
Q

Word formation is also known as _____ area

A

Broca’s

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9
Q

Language comprehension is also known as _____ area

A

Wernicke’s

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10
Q

Skill memory is frequently associated w/ ____ activities

A

motor

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11
Q

Stimulation of cortex causes ____ pain

A

mild

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12
Q

Skilled motor patterns for control of larynx, lips, mouth, etc are initiated from where?

A

Broca’s area

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13
Q

(T/F)

In the process of habituation, no lasting memories are formed

A

True

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14
Q

What is declarative memory?

A

Explicit thoughts; smells + situations + visual + sound = experience

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15
Q

Where is the Wernicke’s Area found?

A

Parieto-occiptio-temporal association area (area of confluence)

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16
Q

Match stimulus with receptor

A. Fine touch
B. Vibration
C. Pressure
D. Temperature
E. Muscle length

________Pacinian corpuscle

A

Pressure mostly, can be vibration

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17
Q

How can intermediate long term memory become simply long term memory?

A

Through consolidation; achieved by rehearsal of info

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18
Q

Wernicke’s area is ______

A

language comprehension

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19
Q

Repeated synaptic stimulation can result in persistent change in the sensitivity of a neuron which usually involves an increased excitability called ______

A

long-term potentiation (establishing memory trace)

20
Q

Match stimulus with receptor

A. Fine touch
B. Vibration
C. Pressure
D. Temperature
E. Muscle length

_______Muscle Spindle

A

Muscle Length

21
Q

Amygdala is associated w/ what?

A

Strong emotions such as fear and aggression; links emotions w/ memory

22
Q

Long-term memory involves structural + chemical changes at the synapse that includes genes and protein expression called:

A

synaptic plasticity

23
Q

Lesions in Wernicke’s area cause what?

A

Cannot understand spoken/written word

24
Q

What transfers thoughts, memories, training, etc between the two cerebral hemispheres?

A

Corpus callosum

25
Q

The muscular movement of what is responsible for sound?

A

Mouth, tongue, larynx and vocal cord

26
Q

Where is the Wernicke’s area highly developed in?

A

Dominant side of the brain (right-handed ppl had dominant left side of brain)

27
Q

Habituation is caused by ______ of _____ channels in the presynaptic terminal

A

closure of calcium

28
Q

What is aphasia?

A

Inability to comprehend or use words

29
Q

A type of thought pattern that does require large involvement of the cerebral cortex is that of _____

A

vision

30
Q

Habituation is also known as _____ memory (no memory)

A

negative

31
Q

Pain can be reduced by:

A. Removal from painful stimulus
B. Block impulse conduction in peripheral nerve
C. Block synaptic transmission in CNS
D. Activate body's analgesic system
E. All of the above
A

All of the above

32
Q

Prefrontal association area functions in close w/ _____ cortex

A

motor

33
Q

Severing the Prefrontal area could lead to..?

A
  1. Deep thinking issues
  2. Cant solve complex problems
  3. Had mood swings under unpredictable situations
  4. Couldnt control behavior in different areas (acted the same as if there were in school vs party)
34
Q

Areas responsible for forming the memory is the _______

A

hippocampus

35
Q

Long-term memory is the result of ____ of cAMP, ______ of adenylate cyclase, and _____ in potassium conductance

A

Activation

Activation

Decrease

36
Q

Lesions in Broca’s area causes what?

A

Cannot speak/write, but understand language

37
Q

The neurotransmitter released by the facilitator terminal at the synapse w/ the sensory terminal is?

A. Acetylcholine
B. Serotonin
C. Dopamine

A

Serotonin

38
Q

The conversion of short-term memory to long-term memory is called:

A

memory consolidation

39
Q

What are the two aspects to communication?

A

Sensory (language input) + Motor (language output)

40
Q

(T/F)

The memory system identified in the snail consists of the sensory terminal and the facilitator terminal

A

True

41
Q

Lesions in Broca’s area causes ____ aphasia

A

motor

42
Q

Match stimulus with receptor

A. Fine touch
B. Vibration
C. Pressure
D. Temperature
E. Muscle length

________TRPM8

A

Temperature

43
Q

What is sensitization?

A

Prolonged occurrence of noxious/pleasant stimulus + sensory stimuli

44
Q

Where is the Cingulate cortex found?

A

Connected to prefrontal cortex and association area

45
Q

Lesions in Wernicke’s area causes _____ aphasia

A

sensory

46
Q

Storage of memory is at ____

A

Memory Engram

Physiology (24 decks)

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