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Physiology > Plasma Membrane > Flashcards

Plasma Membrane Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three major components fo the cell membrane?

A
  1. Lipids (phospholipids + cholesterol)
  2. Proteins (integral + peripheral)
  3. Carbohydrates
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2
Q

What are the major components in the phospholipids?

A
  1. Hydrophilic (polar) head

2. Hydrophobic tail

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3
Q

How could you make phospholipids improve fluidity?

A

Make sure the fatty acids are unsaturated

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4
Q

Where can you find the cholesterol in the cell membrane?

A

Embedded between phospholipids

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5
Q

What make up the lipid raft?

A

Cholesterol, proteins, and sphingolipids

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6
Q

What can diffuse thru the bilayer the quickest?

A

Hydrophobic molecules

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7
Q

What are some examples of hydrophobic molecules?

A

O2, CO2, N2

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8
Q

What can diffuse thru the bilayer the 2nd quickest?

A

Small, uncharged polar molecules

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9
Q

What are some examples of small, uncharged polar molecules?

A

H20, urea, glycerol

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10
Q

What can diffuse thru the bilayer the 2nd slowest?

A

Large, uncharged polar molecules

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11
Q

What can diffuse thru the bilayer the slowest?

A

Ions

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12
Q

What are some examples of large, uncharged polar molecules?

A

Glucose, sucrose

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13
Q

What are some examples of an ion?

A

Cl-, K+, Na+

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14
Q

What can DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) dissolve?

A

Polar + nonpolar compounds

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15
Q

How does DMSO interact w/ skin?

A

Passes thru them easily

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16
Q

What can DMSO do w/ other compounds if they were on skin?

A

Helps improve absorption

17
Q

What does FDA approve DMSO for?

A

Interstital cystitis

18
Q

What does FDA label DMSO as a fake cure to?

A

Cancer

19
Q

How does glucose get in the epithelial cells from the intestinal lumen?

A

Via the SGLT-1 w/ high concentration of Na+

20
Q

How does glucose enter the blood stream from the epithelial cells?

A

Via the GluT2, no need of Na+

21
Q

What compounds produce osmotic pressure?

A

Large molecules + ions

22
Q

To measure osmotic pressure, the ______ number of particles are accounted for

A

Number, not mass

23
Q

________ particles do not generate osmotic pressure

A

Permeable

24
Q

In a hypertonic solution, water _____ the cell and ______ cell volume

A

Exits, decreases

Physiology (24 decks)

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