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Physiology > Taste > Flashcards

Taste Flashcards

1
Q

Salty taste is caused by ____-selective channels, called _______

A

sodium

ENaC (amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channels)

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2
Q

Sour taste is caused by ____

______ act on ENACs

A

acids

hydrogen

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3
Q

Umami taste is found in food containing ______ such as meat and aging cheese

A

L-glutamate

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4
Q

Umami taste is activated by ________ & ________

A

mGluR4 (metabotropic glutamate receptor) + ionotropic glutamate receptors

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5
Q

Umami taste produces (depolarization/hyperpolarization)

A

depolarization

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6
Q

Bitter taste is produced by ____ and organic substances containing _____

A

alkaloids and nitrogen

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7
Q

What are the receptors involved in bitter taste?

A

K+ selective channels and T2R family of receptors, coupled w/ gustducin

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8
Q

Bitter taste causes (increased/decreased cAMP, increased/decreased formation of inositol phosphates and (depolarization/hyperpolariztion)

A

decreased

increased

depolarization

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9
Q

What receptor causes the sweet taste?

A

T1R3 coupled w/ gustducin

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10
Q

Human sensitivity to sour, salty, sweet, bitter

A

Bitter>sour>sweet/salty

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11
Q

Absence of the sense of taste is…?

A. Ageusia
B. Hypoguesia
C. Dysgeusia
D. Paraguesia

A

A. Aguesia

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12
Q

Diminished taste sensitivity is….?

A. Paraguesia
B. Ageusia
C. Hypoguesia
D. Dysgeusia

A

C. Hypogeusia

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13
Q

Unpleasant perception of taste is…?

A. Dysgeusia
B. Paraguesia
C. Ageusia
D. Hypoguesia

A

A. Dysgeusia

B. Paraguesia

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14
Q

What causes hypogeusia?

A

Damage to lingual/glossopharyngeal nerve, vit. B3/zinc deficiencies, others

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15
Q

Which is a temporary problem?

A. Paraguesia
B. Ageusia
C. Hypoguesia
D. Dysgeusia

A

A. Paraguesia

D. Dysgeusia

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16
Q

What are supertasters?

A

25% of the population has a heightened sensitivity to bitterness

17
Q

Where in the tongue is circumvallate papillae found?

A

Back

18
Q

Where in the tongue is filiate papillae found?

A

Near the back, sides

19
Q

Where in the tongue is fungiform found?

A

Toward the tip of the tongue

20
Q

Taste buds are innervated by the ____ _____ and _____ nerve

A

chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve and lingual branch of glossopharyngeal

21
Q

Second order neurons of the taste buds send their signal to _____ and third order at ____

A

medulla

thalamus

22
Q

In the gustatory neural pathway the third order chorda tympani and glossopharyngeal gustatory afferent nerves synapse w/ neurons in the thalamus (T/F)

A

False; the chorda tympani and glossopharyngeal nerves are FIRST order and synapse with the neurons in the MEDULLA

23
Q

What do 5-HT reuptake inhibitors do?

A

Reduce sensitivity to sucrose and quinine (bitter)

Physiology (24 decks)

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