Flashcards in Medical Issues Ch. 8 Deck (24):
1
coronary arteries origin
base of aorta
2
electrical activity of the heart
begins at the SA node
travels through atrial walls to AV node
moves to the bundle of His
distributed to Purkinje fibers
3
depolarization
electrical impulse
4
repolarization
back to normal
5
P-wave
electrical impulse traveling through the atrium
-atrial depolarization
6
QRS complex
ventricular depolarization
7
S-T segment
ventricular repolarization
8
T-wave
ventricular repolarization
9
cardiac components of PPE
BP
pulse ox.
auscultation
HR
family Hx
-any cardiac disease
--CVD
--cardiac death before 50
personal cardiac history
10
cardiac pathology S/S
chest pain
dyspnea
fatigue
palpitations
syncope
claudication
skin and nail temperature, color and appearance
edema
11
chest pain
angina
-due to myocardial ischemia
can have referred pain to L arm/shoulder with HR
12
dyspnea
shortness of breath
-decreased cardiac output
13
palpitations
"heart fluttering"
heart "skips" a beat"
disruption of electrical rhythm
14
syncope
orthostatic (peripheral dilation)
-stand up too fast
-BP drops as blood moves out to the extremities
increased intracranial pressure
-head injuries
heart failure
15
claudication
impaired gait specifically from decreased blood flow
cramping/pain
16
edema
patients with heart failure
17
medical history and physical exam.
family and personal history
symptoms
inspection
heart rate
respiratory rate
BP - 120/80
-hypertension -
auscultation
18
factors related to hypertension
diet and exercise
19
what is athlete's heart
the concept that the heart of athletes enlarges as a result of cardiovascular training
20
normal physiological response to exercise
-acute
-chronic
acute
-increased HR and SV
-increased systolic BP
-increased breathing
chronic
-decreased HR
-decreased breathing
-decreased BP
21
SCD common causes
HCM - hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
sickle cell trait/anemia
commotio cordis
coronary artery abnormalities
22
what is the grey area between HCM and athlete's heart
arrhythmias
-benign in AH
structural changes
-HCM: cavity size and wall thickness increase
-AH: only wall thickness increases
23
COD for HCM
heart failure
ischemic damage
fatal arrhythmias
24