OO 02-04 Biased Based Profiling

Question 1

The purpose of this policy is to state unequivocally that bias based profiling in law enforcement is totally unacceptable, to provide guidelines for officers to prevent such occurrences, and to protect our officers when they act within the dictates of the law and
policy from ___________.

Answer 1

unwarranted accusations.

Question 2

A fundamental right guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States to all who live in this nation is to the equal protection under the law. Along with this right to equal protection is the fundamental right to be free from unreasonable ______ and ______ by government agents.

Answer 2

searches and seizures

Question 3

Citizens are free to walk and drive our streets,
highways, and other public places without police interference so long as they obey
the ___.

Answer 3

law

Question 4

They also are entitled to be free from crime, and from the depredations of criminals, and to drive and walk our public ways safe from the actions of reckless and ________.

Answer 4

careless drivers.

Question 5

The Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office is charged with protecting these rights, for all, regardless of race, color, ethnicity, sex, sexual orientation, physical handicap,
religion or other ________. The Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office prohibits bias based profiling in traffic contacts, field contacts, searches and seizures, and in asset
seizures and forfeiture efforts.

Answer 5

belief system

Question 6

Because of the nature of their business, law enforcement officers are required to be observant, to identify unusual occurrences and law violations, and to act upon them.
It is this _________ enforcement that keeps our citizens free from crime, our streets and highways safe to drive upon, and that detects and apprehends criminals.

Answer 6

proactive

Question 7

This policy is intended to assist officers in accomplishing the total mission in a way that respects the dignity of all persons and yet sends a strong deterrent message to
actual and potential lawbreakers, that if they break the law, they are likely to encounter the police.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

It is the policy of the Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office to patrol in a proactive manner, to aggressively investigate suspicious persons and circumstances, and to actively
enforce the motor vehicle laws, while insisting that citizens will only be stopped or detained when there exists ________ to believe they have committed, are committing, or are about to commit, an infraction of the law.

Answer 8

reasonable suspicion

Question 9

________: The detention, interdiction, or other disparate treatment of any person on the basis of their race, color, ethnicity, sexual orientation, physical handicap, economic status, age, cultural group, religion or other belief system.

Answer 9

Bias based profiling:

Question 10

__________: Also known as _________. Suspicion that is more than a mere hunch, but is based on a set of articulable facts and circumstances that would warrant a person of reasonable caution in believing that an infraction of the law has been committed, is about to be committed, or is in the
process of being committed, by the person or persons under suspicion. This can be based on the observations of a police officer combined with his or her training
and experience, and/or reliable information received from credible outside sources.

Answer 10

Reasonable suspicion

articulable suspicion

Question 11

The Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office’s efforts will be directed toward assigning officers to those areas where there is the highest likelihood that crashes will be reduced
and/or crimes prevented through _________.

Answer 11

proactive patrol

Question 12

Officers will receive initial and ______ training in the legal aspects of bias based profiling, proactive enforcement tactics, including training in officer safety, courtesy, cultural diversity, the laws governing search and seizure, and interpersonal communications skills.

Answer 12

ongoing

Question 13

Training programs will include the prohibition of bias profiling and the need to respect the rights of all citizens to be free from unreasonable _______________
or police action.

Answer 13

government intrusion

Question 14

Traffic enforcement will be accompanied by consistent, ongoing supervisory oversight to ensure that officers do not go beyond the parameters of __________ in conducting such activities.

Answer 14

reasonableness

Question 15

Motorists and pedestrians shall only be subjected to stops, seizures or detentions upon _________ that they have committed, are committing, or are about
to commit an infraction.

Answer 15

reasonable suspicion

Question 16

Every time a motorist or pedestrian is stopped, the officer shall radio to the dispatcher the location of the stop, the description of the ____ or _____ being detained.

Answer 16

person or vehicle

Question 17

The Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office recognizes that with experience, individual officers may develop individualized approaches that they find work best for them in minimizing _____ during officer/violator contacts.

Answer 17

conflict

Question 18

An example of appropriate dialogue during a stop or detention will be;

1. Give a polite ______.

Answer 18

greeting

Question 19

An example of appropriate dialogue during a stop or detention will be;

2. ________. Ex: “I am Officer Smith of the Jacksonville Sheriff Office.”

Answer 19

Identify yourself

Question 20

An example of appropriate dialogue during a stop or detention will be;

3. State the ______ why the person is being stopped or detained. Ex. “I stopped you because I saw your vehicle come through the stop sign at the last intersection without coming to a complete stop.” (Describing the actions of the vehicle rather than personalizing the action to the driver tends to reduce tension.)

Answer 20

reason

Question 21

An example of appropriate dialogue during a stop or detention will be;

4. It may defuse ______ to ask a motorist if there was some reason for the violation. This gives them the opportunity to “_______” often leads to
   an admission that the violator realized they were in violation, and precludes a defendant from offering a different excuse at trial. If you choose not to ask
   but the motorist wishes to give a reason or excuse, listen politely and give them ample opportunity to tell their story.

Answer 21

tension

“have their say”,

Question 22

An example of appropriate dialogue during a stop or detention will be;

5. Politely ask for _______ and any required documents. (Ex. “May I see your license, registration, and proof of insurance?”)

Answer 22

identification

Question 23

An example of appropriate dialogue during a stop or detention will be;

6. After completing any necessary _______, inform the driver or pedestrian as to what action is being taken and what, if any, the person must do as a result, such as how to pay any fine involved, obtain a traffic court hearing,
   etc.

Answer 23

paperwork

Question 24

An example of appropriate dialogue during a stop or detention will be;

7. Give an appropriate closing. For example, if the motorist was cooperative, “Thank you for your cooperation” may be in order. Do not use the trite
   expression, “_________”, which would be inappropriate in these circumstances. “Please drive carefully, your safety is important to us” is more appropriate.

Answer 24

“Have a nice day”

Question 25

An example of appropriate dialogue during a stop or detention will be;

8. Make sure the driver is able to merge safely back into the _______.

Answer 25

traffic stream

Question 26

Appropriate enforcement action should always be completed, generally in the form of a verbal or written warning, citation or _____.

Answer 26

arrest.

Question 27

The proper form must be filled out by the officer, and shall include the gender, race or ethnicity of the person stopped, if this information can reasonably be ascertained by physical appearance or from the ________ or other documents provided by the individual.

Answer 27

driver’s license

Question 28

No motorist, once cited or warned, shall be detained beyond the point where there exists no reasonable suspicion of further criminal activity, and no person or vehicle shall be searched in the absence of a _____, a legally recognized exception to the ______ requirement, or the person’s voluntary consent.

Answer 28

warrant

Question 29

In each case where a _____ is conducted, this information shall be recorded, including the legal basis for the _____, and the results thereof.

Answer 29

search

Question 30

It is strongly recommended that consent

searches only be conducted with ________, using the proper department form.

Answer 30

written consent

Question 31

If the individual indicates that they will consent to a search but are refusing to sign the Consent to Search Form (P-492), fill out the form anyway and indicate
“_______________”, inserting initials and the signature of any witness in the signature block

Answer 31

“consented to search but refused to sign”

Question 32

If the police vehicle is equipped with approved video camera, the video and sound shall be activated _____ to the stop, to record the behavior of the vehicle or person,
and shall remain activated until the person is _______ and resume their journey.

Answer 32

prior

released

Question 33

A person’s race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, economic status, age cultural group or any combination of these shall not be the sole factor in determining _________ for an arrest or reasonable suspicion for a stop.

Answer 33

probable cause

Question 34

The deliberate ______ of any misleading information related to the actual or perceived race, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation of a person stopped for investigative or enforcement purposes is prohibited and a cause for disciplinary action, up to and including dismissal.

Answer 34

recording

Question 35

The Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office provides _____ _____ _____ to officers regarding police encounters with citizens. Officers may distribute the pamphlet to each person subjected to such activities, whenever appropriate.

Answer 35

public information pamphlets

Question 36

Any person may file a complaint with the Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office if they feel they have been stopped or searched on ____ ____ ____, and no person shall
be discouraged, intimidated, or coerced from filing such a complaint, or discriminated against because they have filed such a complaint.

Answer 36

bias based profiling

Question 37

Any officer contacted by a person who wishes to file such a complaint, shall contact a supervisor who will provide the citizen with a copy of a citizen complaint form which may be mailed or delivered in person to ________ Unit.

Answer 37

Internal Affairs

Question 38

Supervisors shall record the person’s name, address, and telephone number, and report the contact to their __________ or higher authority prior to the end of the shift.

Answer 38

Watch Commanders

Question 39

A Watch Commander or higher authority receiving such a report shall forward it to the _________ Section.

Answer 39

Internal Affairs

Question 40

All such complaints shall be reviewed, and assigned for

investigation to be completed within ______ days unless the commander of Internal Affairs grants an extension.

Answer 40

fourteen

Question 41

The complaint will be acknowledged to the
complainant in writing, and the complainant shall be informed of the results of the Sheriff’s Office investigation upon its ______.

Answer 41

completion

Question 42

The report shall be filed with the Director of ________________ or higher authority, and a copy sent to the appropriate Department Director.

Answer 42

Personnel and Professional Standards

Question 43

The report shall contain findings and any suggestions
for appropriate ______ action (including but not limited to; remedial training, counseling, or discipline) or changes in policy, training, or tactics.

Answer 43

corrective

Question 44

At least ______, an administrative review of the agency’s practices including citizens concerns will be forwarded to the Director of Patrol and Enforcement from Internal Affairs.

Answer 44

annually

Question 45

On an annual basis, the department shall make public a statistical summary of all profiling complaints for the year, including the findings as to whether they were sustained, not sustained, or _______.

Answer 45

exonerated

Question 46

___________ shall at random back up officers on vehicle stops, and shall take appropriate action whenever it appears that this policy is being violated, being
particularly alert to any pattern or practice of possible discriminatory treatment by individual officers or squads.

Answer 46

Watch Commanders