Professional Standards Flashcards
(26 cards)
Chronic Health Problems in US and Risk Factors
Health Problems
-Heart disease
-Lung disease
-Cancer
-Stroke
-Diabetes Mellitus
-Kidney Disease
-Alzheimers
Risk Factors
-Smoking
-Obesity
-Poor Diet
-Excessive Alcohol
-Lack of physical exercise
Health Care Considerations for Minority Groups
- Cultural safety and responsiveness
- Nurse should examine their own values
- Language barriers (avoid use of family and friends as interpreters)
- Lack of preventative care
- Teach-back method for pt teaching
Health Care Considerations for LGBTQIA populations
- Often a lack of awareness and understanding amongst care professionals, a non-judgemental approach is needed.
- LGBTQIA pop. may avoid seeking care d/t fear of stigmatization
- Screen for STIs
- Use proper pronouns and fix paperwork to match
- Transgender individuals may need education on completing screenings related to sex organs
- HIV prophylactic treatment, aka nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) or prophylactic antivirals
Health Care Considerations for Homeless Populations
- Risk for early death related to health problems
- Use outreach programs
- Use a non-judgmental approach
- Nurses need to focus on reported symptoms to encourage adherence and follow-up
- Addictive medications should be avoided
Health Care Considerations for Low Economic Status/ Uninsured
- More likely to engage in risky behaviour
- Consider education level, income, family support, and community safety
- Connect with social work services
Health Care Considerations for Battered Individuals and Victims of Abuse
- Women are affected more than men
- Outcomes of abuse or neglect may include physical, somatic, psychological, behavioural, sexual, and pregnancy-related effects.
- Maternal socioeconomic status impacts a child’s risk
- Health effects resulting from abuse include: bruises, sprains, broken bones, chronic fatigue, SOB, muscle tension, involuntary shaking, changes in eating and sleeping patterns, sexual dysfunction and fertility issues
- Safety is a priority
- Respect dignity
- Must report
Health Care Considerations for Single Parents
- The nurse should establish a therapeutic relationship
- The nurse may need to assist the single parent in addressing child sexual development
Health Care Considerations in Foster Children
- Common unmet needs include: physical, mental, behavioural, and dental health
- Mental Health is a significant concern
Health Care Considerations for Individuals with Mental Health Problems
- Difficult time accessing supports
- Risky behaviours due to higher frequency of substance use
- Lack of exercise and poor diet
- Medication side effects: xerostomia (dry mouth), weight gain, sedation, increased appetite
- Family and social services are important
- Frequent mental health screening
Health Care Considerations for Older Adults
- Screen for elder abuse (neglect)
- Common health problems: Alzheimer’s, arthritis, dementia, depression, falls, heart disease, influenza, obesity, dental problems, osteoporosis, pneumonia, poverty, respiratory disease, shingles, substance abuse
Health Care Considerations for MIlitary Veterans
- Mental Health disorders and PTSD
- Substance Misuse
- Traumatic brain injury
- Limb amputations
- Homelessness
- Tx of PTSD and other mental conditions may address other conditions such as substance abuse
Health Care Considerations for Prisoners
- The environment of a prison predisposes pt to health conditions such as TB, STDs, and infections/communicable diseases
- Common health concerns include: asthma, diabetes, heart disease, HTN, mental health problems
Health Care Considerations for Immigrants and Refugees
- Challenges include: language barriers, access to housing, employment, citizenship, cultural barriers, transportation, and access to health care.
- Access to mental health services is a priority due to the potential trauma experienced
- ACCULTURATION to the US increases the risks of poor health.
- Infectious diseases are a concern
- Vaccinations might need updating
Health Care Considerations for Individuals with Chronic Illness
- Chronic include: cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, diabetes, mental health problems, vision and hearing impairment, oral disease, bone and joint disorders, and genetic disorders
- Follow up is very important
- Cannot focus on a singular illness, must look at the big picture
- Interprofessional collaboration is important
- Include the client in care planning
Health Care Considerations for the Intellectually Disabled
- Often have health disorders go untreated d/t atypical symptom presentation
- May not remember full medical history
- Tend to eat quickly and are at higher risk for aspiration
- Safety is a priority
Occurrences that must be reported
- Accidental omission of therapy
- Causes of client harm
- Falls
- Med admin errors
- Needlestick injuries
- Procedure/equipment related injury
- Visitor injury
- Visitor with symptoms of communicable disease
- Significant complaint
Appropriate charting
- Factual, objective information about what the nurse sees, hears, feels, or smells.
- The use of inference such as words like “appears” are inappropriate because it suggests that the nurse is stating an opinion
Functional Nursing
Task orientated with tasks being delegated by the charge nurse to individual members of the team
Team Nursing
Generally led by an RN (team leader) who is responsible for assessing, analyzing, planning, and evaluating. The team leader determines work assignments
Relationship Based Nursing
One primary nurse who stays at the bedside and is actively involved in client care while planning goal-directed individualized care.
Client Focused Nursing
RN assumes total responsibility for planning and delivering care to a client. The client may have different nurses assigned during a 24hr period
AP scope of practice
- Vitals, mobilizing, personal care.
Five Rights of Delegation
- Right person
- Right Task
- Right circumstance
- Right direction/communication
- Right supervision
Triage: Priorty 1
Life-threatening conditions that need immediate tx:
- trauma
- chest pain
- severe respiratory distress
- limb ampuation
- acute neurological deficits
- chemical splashes to eyes
