Flashcards in Soc001 Exam 2 Deck (68):
1
concept
a concept is a label given to things that are similar to each other
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variable
a concept that a researcher has a specific interest in
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examples of attributes
male/female are two attributes of the variable gender
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independent variable
influences the dependent variable
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dependent variable
the variable influenced by the independent variable
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variable that vary in the same direction
positive relationship
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variables that vary in opposite direction
negative relationship
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who wrote the artcile on social disorganization and rural communities
osgood and chambers
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social siorganization theory
strong networks of social relationships prevent crime and delinquency
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hypothesis concerning residential instability
juvenile violence will incerase as residential instability increases
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residential instability
when the population of an area is constantly chnaging
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why is ethnic diversity a problem
adults are unable to communicate with one another
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what is family disruption and why is it a problem
when there are more children than oarents in the community and the parents can't take care of the chilldren. they can't supervise themq
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how to title a table
dependent BY independent varaible
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which variable goes in cloumns of table
independent
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which variable goes in rows of table
dependent variable
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where should precentages go in a table
down the column
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how do you measure youth violence
arrest rates for persons aged 11-17 for murder, rape, robbery, etc
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how do you measure residential instability
proportion of housholds that have moved from another dwelling in the past 5 uears
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how do you measure family disruption
Family disruption was indexed by (the number of) female-headed households (in the county), expressed as a proportion of all households with children.
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content analysis
scrutiny of the text, its author, and the time it was written
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observational research
when researchers view their specimen in their natural environment, not a lab
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phrasing a survey
treat your readers like 7th graders
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double negatives
do you hate me or not?
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double barreled
do you like ice cream and your favorite dog?
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loaded
do you agree witht he democrats that the republicans do suck
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marathon
what do you think we should do on campus, make the kids study, if we do this blah blah blah
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howthorne effect
simply knowing that you are being studied skews your answers
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unobstrusive methods
studying people without them knowing it
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artifacts
draw9ing conclusions about poeople from there things
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existing statistics
using us census data
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name 3 unobtrusive methods for research
artifacts, exisiting statistics, content analysis
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informed consent
consent received from participant once they know the benefits and harms of project
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IRB
institutional review board that makes sure researchewrs have put enougb thought into their work
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cultural diffusion and example
things adopted by other cultures
americans eating sushi
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cultural leveling
when you experience many areas eating cheeseburgers
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subculture example
amish
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counter culture example
KKK
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idioculture and example
when small groups have their own culture such a little league baseball teams or classrooms
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5 parts of non material culture
symbols
values
beliefs
language
norms
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symbol
$
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value
hard work
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belief
men are stronger than women
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culture as product of action
culture is made by people doing things
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culture as conditioning element
culture shapes the way our future actions occur
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achieved status
being a doctor or spouse
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ascribed status
sex, race, ethnicity
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examples of primary group
small informal groups like friends and family
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examples of secondary groups
larger formal groups like univiersities or nations
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master status definition and example
when somebody is expected to act a certain way because of a very distinct group
EX: a black doctor
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roles
sum total of expectations about behavior strributed to a specific social status
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role conflict
when demands of different roles clash
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status
position one holds in a social structure
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status inconsistency
when an individual occupys multiple statuses that do not mesh wioth social expectations
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name 4 attributes of institutions
conservative
change slowly
interdependent
differ from one society to another
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what is the difference between a social structure and institution
an institution is a set of ideas about how social structures ought to be organized
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examples of institutions vs social structures
institutions: military or education
social structure: preschool elementary
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how does a social institution survive
by remaining self sufficient
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how does an institution remain self sufficient
getting new members, avoiding enemies, etc
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society
the totality of people and social relations in a given geographic space
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code of the streets
a set of interpersonal behavior rules that govern personal behavior and violence
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street belief in police
represent a white dominant society that doesn't care about the inner city
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decent belief of police
decents have some belief in mainstream society
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is the code of the streets a dub culture?
no, a counter culture
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jackets, sneakers, god jewelry also show
a willingness to possess things requiring defense
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juice
respect
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operationalize
creating variables that can be attached to concept
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