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Neuroscience > Stroke CC2 > Flashcards

Stroke CC2 Flashcards

1
Q

most ischemic strokes are of ___ etiology

A

embolic (33%)

30% are large vessel

20% are small vessel

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2
Q

___% of strokes are ischemic

A

83

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3
Q

__% of strokes are intracerebral hemorrhage

A

10

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4
Q

__% of strokes are subarchnoid hemorrhages

A

7

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5
Q

1 risk factor for strokes is

A

high bp

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6
Q

nonmodifiable risk factors for stroke

A

age, sex, family history

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7
Q

stroke mimics include (5)

A
  1. hypoglycemia
  2. mass lesions
  3. seizures/postictal states
  4. migraine
  5. psychogenic hemiparesis
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8
Q

contralateral hemiparesis (weakness on one side of the body) suggests ___ stroke

A

MCA

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9
Q

sx of anterior division MCA stroke

A

contralateral head & eye deviation

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10
Q

sx of posterior division MCA stroke

A

hemianopsia (contralateral visual field deficit),

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11
Q

is ____ is occluded on the right side, what sx do you get neglect

A

posterior division MCA

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12
Q

leg and foot deficits seen with

A

ACA stroke

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13
Q

what could cause cortical blindness

A

bilateral PCA stroke

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14
Q

what is hemihypaesthesia? with what artery occlusion do you see it?

A

complete loss of sensation of the contralateral face, arm, trunk and leg

seen with PCA

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15
Q

signs of basialr/brainstem stroke

A

altered consciousness & crossed signs:

cranial nerve deficit on one
side

hemiparesis or sensation loss of body on other side

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16
Q

loss of perfusion to internal capsule by lenticulostriate causes __ sx

A

pure motor hemiplegia (whole
side)

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17
Q

loss of perfusion to thalamus by lenticulostriate causes __ sx

A

pure sensory hypaesthesia (whole side)

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18
Q

loss of perfusion to pons by lenticulostriate causes __ sx

A

dysarthria, clumsy hand syndrome

19
Q

what do you use to rule out hemorrhage?

A

ct scan (shows up white)

20
Q

early infarct signs on a ct

A
  1. hypodensity of grey or white matter
  2. obliteration of cortical sulci
  3. obscured basal ganglia
  4. loss of insular ribbon
21
Q

aphasia indicates ___

A

L. hemispheric stroke

22
Q

neglect / hemi-inattention indicates

A

R. hemispheric stroke

23
Q

patients usually look ___ the lesion

A

toward

24
Q

crossed signs –> ___ involvement

A

brainstem

25
Q

vertigo of central origin usu. means

A

other cranial nerve deficits

26
Q

vertical nystagmus is brainstem ____ until proven otherwise

A

ischemia

27
Q

tPA Indications and Contraindications Inculsion if: age___

A

less than 80

28
Q

tPA Indications and Contraindications Inculsion if: onset is

A

less than 3 hours

29
Q

tPA Indications and Contraindications Inculsion if: NIHSS ___

A

less than 24

30
Q

tPA Indications and Contraindications Inculsion if: ___ consent

A

informed

31
Q

tPA Indications and Contraindications EXCLUSION if: (danger zone)

A
  • CT signs of hemorrhage or very large infarction
  • undetermined time of onset
  • uncontrollable hypertension or blood sugar
  • recent trauma, major surgery or bleeding
  • abnormal coagulation profile
  • hemodynamic compromise from MI - rapidly resolving deficit
32
Q

tPA Risks and Benefits: treatment group had ___% more patients rated at “good outcome” after 3 months.

A

30

33
Q

risk of hemorrhage was __% with tPA treatment (1% without)

A

6

34
Q

hemorrhage after tpa –> __% mortality rate

A

50

35
Q

secondary risk prevention includes control of modifiable risk factors like

A

HTN, diabetes, CAD, obesity

36
Q

___ new or recurrent strokes each year.

A

600,000

37
Q

in terms of RR, which is the #1 risk factor of stroke

A

a. fib

38
Q

__ stenosis is a risk factor of stroke

A

carotid

39
Q

most common area affected by hemiparesis with right MCA stroke?

A

face=hand > arm > leg

40
Q

lacunar syndromes involves

A

pure motor hemiplegia from damage to the internal cpasule

41
Q

???

A

subarahnoid hemorrhage

42
Q
A

subdural hematoma

43
Q

what is this??

A

hyperdense MCA sign

early dx of stroke?

an appearance of increased attenuation of the proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) that is often associated with thrombosis of the M1 MCA segment

Neuroscience (35 decks)

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