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Neuroscience > Limbic System Lec16 > Flashcards

Limbic System Lec16 Flashcards

1
Q

parts of the papez circuit actually involved in emotions

A

cingulate cortex and the hypothalamus

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2
Q

Areas of the limbic system involved in emotional processing

A

amygdala, anterior and mid-cingulate cortex, mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus and prefrontal cortex.

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3
Q

Primary emotions are reflexive and involve the (3)

A

amygdala, hypothalamus, and PAG

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4
Q

what primarily drives primary emotions?

A

the amygdala —- which gets input from the auditory pathway (or visual) via the thalamus as well as directly from the auditory pathway.

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5
Q

___ emotions are conscious

A

Secondary

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6
Q

secondary emotions and involve the ___

A

cortical limbic structures

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7
Q

Stimulation of the___ with norepinephrine induces the fight or flight response

A

dorsolateral portion of the PAG

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8
Q

. Stimulation of the ___ portion of PAG with norepinephrine leads to hypoactivity

A

ventral

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9
Q

Since the ___ nuclei project to the PAG, you can also stimulate the ___ nuclei for the same effect.

A

hypothalamic

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10
Q

You need the ___ and ___ to regulate emotions.

If you get a stroke or tumor to either one of these regions you lose control of your emotions and can result in sham rage (excessive rage without external control)

A

hypothalamus or the PAG

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11
Q

. Only th___ and ___ cingulate cortex play a role in emotional processing.

A

cingulate cortex

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12
Q

is the posterior cingualte cortex ivnovled in emotion?

A

no

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13
Q

. It may be useful to think of serotonin as mood ___

A

altering

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14
Q

. It may be useful to think of norepinpehrine as mood

A

elevating

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15
Q

what is included in the papez circuit

A
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16
Q

___ is the synapse site of the limbic system in the thalamus

A

mediodorsal n.

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17
Q

primary emotions are linked with ___ reflexes

A

autonomic

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18
Q

If a monkey’s temporal lobe / amygdala was removed, the animal became (4)

A
  1. docile
  2. hyperoral
  3. hypersexual
  4. and ate inappropriate items.
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19
Q

Urbach-Wiethe disease = what is the cause and what are the sx?

A

calcification & loss of amygdala

  1. no fear response
  2. can’t recognize fear in faces
  3. risky behaviors
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20
Q

Fear response involves direct connections from

A

thalamus to amygdala

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21
Q

Shown by auditory-foot shock conditioning experiment. Even if amygdala/
auditory cortex connection was cut,

A

fear was still present

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22
Q

Amygdala connects to __ and __ for fight-or-flight response

A

PAG and LC

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23
Q

Stimulation of ___ PAG = fight-or-flight,

A

Dorsal

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24
Q

lesion of Dorsal PAG

A

affective defense & “sham rage”

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25
Q

lesion fo ventral pag

A

quiet, biting

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26
Q

All major emotion structures are connected to
the __

A

PAG

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27
Q

The PAG regulates ANS via

A

soliary n.

dorsal mtoor fo vagus

IML

28
Q

The hypothalamus-pituitary axis (HPA) is driven by the (3)

A

amygdala, limbic cortex, & locus
coeruleus

29
Q

Amygdala / Insula / Limbic Cortex (ACC) –> Paraventricular Nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus –>

A

CRH

30
Q

the amygdala projects to which cingulate cortex?

A

the ACC and anterior MCC

31
Q

the ___ region of the cingulate cortex (around the genu of the corpus callosum) is extra
vulnerable to emotional diseases like depression

A

perigenual

32
Q

anterior cingulate cortex connects the ans to the

A

solitary n. and dosal mtoor of vagus

33
Q

emotion associated with ventral acc

A

sadness

34
Q

emotion associated with rostral acc

A

hapiness

35
Q

“Facial Region” of the ACC is impacted by what emotions

A

all of them

36
Q

emotiona ssociated witht the anterior mid cingualte cortex

A

fear

37
Q

Electrical stimulation of the MCC evokes complex motor responses like (3)

A

lip puckering, finger kneading, and bilateral limb movements

38
Q

fear response

input goes directlyfrom the thalamus to the

A

amygdala –> fear response

39
Q

fear response

thalamus -> amygdala –>

A

ACC (upstream) and the PAG and LC (downstream pathways)

40
Q

thalamus –> amygdala –> ACC (upstream) and the PAG (downstream pathways) –> both faical. n and facial expression activated so fear is expressed ___ and __

A

somatically and viscerally

41
Q

fear response

Memory of event is encoded in the__ and __

A

amygdala and cortex

42
Q

fear response

memory of event is enhanced by

A

norepinpehrine

43
Q

locus coerelus regulates the

A

hpa axis

44
Q

Locus Coeruleus is connected to…

A

solitary ncuelus

pag

pvn of hypothalamus

amygdala and limbic

paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus

45
Q

Locus Coeruleus –> solitary n. –>

A

visceral motor center for heart rate

46
Q

LC –> pag –>

A

fight to flight

47
Q

____ drives PVN/HPA axis

A

LC/NE

48
Q

LC –> Amygdala & Limbic Cortex (cingulate, insular, orbitofrontal) –>

A

enhance emotional
memory formation

49
Q

The Raphe Nuclei project from midbrain to ___

A

forebrain

50
Q

___ disfunction leads to conduct disorders, criminal psychopathy, other
sociopathies, PTSD

A

Limbic system

51
Q

In patients with severe depression, ___ shows decreased glucose metabolism /
reduced activity

A

anterior cingulate cortex

52
Q

Risk factor for depression: No ____ control of amygdala = increased fear and anxiety.

A

anterior cingulate control

53
Q

SSRIS bind strongly to the

A

anterior cingulate cortex

54
Q

deep brain stimulation can create substantial improvement in people with intractable depression if electrodes are placed near the

A

acc and amygdala

55
Q

___ is involved in AFFECT

A

Anterior cingulate cortex

56
Q

___ cortex is involved in motivated behavior and response selection

A

Midcingulate

57
Q

____ has extensive projections to the striatum, red nucleus, pontine nuclei (cerebellum), and cranial nerve motor nuclei for somatomotor driving of alpha motor neurons.

A

midcingualte cortex

58
Q

a very impotant connection in pyshiatry

the amygdala has reciprocal projections to the

A

acc

59
Q

PET studies show activation in ___ when remembering sad events.

A

ACC

60
Q

Electrical simulation of the _____ produces complex motor outputs (that can be modified by context)

A

MCC

61
Q

faical region in the acc projects to the

A

facial motor n. and the muscles of facial expression

62
Q

facial region in the ___ of the cingualte cortex

A

acc

63
Q

what do the reciptocal connections between the LC and the 1. amygadla and 2. cingulate cortex do?

A

involved in consolidation of emotional memories

64
Q

storage of emotionall vlanece memories in the amygdala and acc depends on ___

A

norepineprine release by LC

65
Q

how does locus corelus intercedes in limbic systems to coordinate motor outputs.

A
66
Q

what structures are in the limbic lobe? (3)

A

cingulate cortex

parahippocampal gyri

olfactoruy cortex

Neuroscience (35 decks)

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