Speech and Language Flashcards

(45 cards)

1
Q

Etiologies of Communcation Disorders include

A

Trauma
Vascular disturbance
Tumor/Infection

Environment (e.g., low SES, nutritional deficiency) **
Neurodegeneration (e.g., Parkinson’s, alcoholism)**
Genetic (e.g., velocardiofacial syndrome) **
Idiopathic (e.g., autism) **

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2
Q

what are the subcortical areas involved in vocalization?

A

prefrontal cortex?

PAG

limbic system

caudal medullay

nucleus retroambiguous

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3
Q

___ is complete loss of language,

A

global aphasia

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4
Q

someone with global aphasia may still ahve control of

A

facial expressions, hand gestures, and vocal intonations

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5
Q

global aphasia can result from damage to

A

Broca’s, Wernicke’s, and supramarginal gyrus

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6
Q

•Conduction aphasia - problem ___

A

repeating words or phrases,

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7
Q

___ and ___ are normal with conduction aphasia

A

anguage comprehension and oral expression

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8
Q

conduction aphasia can be caused by damage to the

A

arcuate fasciculus, auditory cortex, insula, or supramarginal gyrus

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9
Q

Anomic aphasia - difficulty in

A

fidning certain words

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10
Q

using vague phrases like “thing” or “whatsit” may be a sign of

A

Anomic aphasia

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11
Q

anomic aphasia may be from damage to the

A

to the angular gyrus or parietal lobe

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12
Q

___ aphasia - from small lesions to the L. subcortical areas,

A

Subcortical

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13
Q

___ aphasia has various sx

A

subcortical

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14
Q

Transcortical Motor aphasia and brocas?

A

both are expressive aphasia

but transcortical motor can repeat long sentences, brocas can only repeat simple words

*

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15
Q

____ - loss of articulation ability from damage to the motor system

A

Anarthria

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16
Q

Alexia - loss of reading ability due to damage in___

A

L. occipital & parietal lobes

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17
Q

alexia causes problems with ___ but not ___

A

problems with reading but not wriging

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18
Q

ight hemisphere damage
(RHD) causes a variety of communication deficits involving the

A

interpretation of
context.

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19
Q

Indirect context disorders - difficulties

A

interacting with your environment

20
Q

2 examples of indirect context disorders

A

hemineglect and anosognosia

21
Q

, anosognosia - the ___ of such deficits

22
Q

Direct context disorders - affect ___ and ___ directly

A

communication and cognition

23
Q

direct context or pragmatic disorders can be further subdivided into disorders of: (3)

A

(a) prosody (aprosodia)
(b) discourse organization
(c) comprehension of non-literal language

24
Q

Aprosodia - inability to use ___ and ___ to effectively express
emotions

A

intonation and stress

25
t, Speech and behavior appear flat and emotionless. is a sign of
aprosodia
26
Discourse organization disorders - difficulties implementing the
rules that govern language construction
27
e 22q11 deletion is associated with
VCFS
28
– 1/3rd of ___ children meet criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder
VCFS
29
Males are ___ times more likely to have an ASD than females
four
30
20-30% of kids with autism develop \_\_\_
epilepsy
31
t 90% of cases of autism are \_\_\_
idiopathic (very small percentage is genetic)
32
Most consistent findings in brain assocaited with autism changes in \_\_\_
cerebellum, amygdala
33
pragmatics are the rules for
communciation or usage of language
34
\_\_\_ of information transmitted in conversation is nonverbal
90%
35
prosody involves ___ changes
pitch
36
brocas area is defined as
brodmann 44 and 45
37
wernickes is in the \_\_\_
left temporal lobe on the superior temporal gyrus in most people
38
wernickes is more associaed with \_\_\_
producing speech
39
angular gyrus is involved in ___ processing
semantic
40
supramarginal gyrus is involve din
phonological and articularoy processing of words
41
homonyms and antynoyms light up ___ regions of the brain
different
42
\_\_\_ aphasia has the tendency to repeat words or phrases
brocas
43
\_\_\_ hemisphere is more concerend with nonverbal language
right
44
excessive alcohol affects ___ area in particular that is related to language
brocas
45
what areas are involved with vowels and syllables?
broca, motor cortex, premotor