Flashcards in 5 - Chemistry of the Body Deck (29)
1
The body contains _____ chemical elements.
26
2
Aluminum is an example of a ________.
Trace mineral
3
What substances break apart into two or more ions when put into water.
Electrolytes
4
When in balance, the body's pH should be within what range?
7.35-7.45
5
Cause tissue damage.
Free radicals
6
An ion is an atom that ______
Could be either positively or negatively charged.
7
Chemical imbalances contribute to many conditions, including _______
Depression, diabetes and cancer
8
Protons, neutrons and electrons are all examples of _______
Subatomic particles
9
Excess calories are stored as _____
Fat
10
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen account for approximately ___% of the body's mass.
96%
11
Two or more atoms bonded together is a(n) _____
Molecule
12
Two or more forms of the same atom with different masses are _______
Isotopes
13
Consuming too much of a mineral can result in______
Toxicity
14
______ is an example of an acid.
Gastric juice
15
______ is not a trace element.
Niacin
16
The simplest component from which all other chemical structures are built.
Element
17
A biochemical reaction in which simpler substances are combined to form more complex substances, resulting in the storage of energy, the production of new cellular material and growth.
Anabolism
18
A biochemical process involved in the breakdown of organic compounds, usually leading to the production of energy.
Catabolism
19
The sum of all energy-producing and energy-using processes that occur in the human body.
Metabolism
20
Chemical elements are composed of ___
Atoms
21
The core of the atom.
Nucleus
22
Protons have what type of charge?
Positive
23
Neutrons have what type of charge?
Neutral
24
Electrons have what type of charge?
Negative
25
Another word for molecule.
Compound
26
An atom that is positively or negatively charged.
Ion
27
Substances that will release hydrogen ions in a solution.
Acids
28
Two substances in uneven amounts mixed together.
Solution
29