5 - Chemistry of the Body Flashcards
(29 cards)
The body contains _____ chemical elements.
26
Aluminum is an example of a ________.
Trace mineral
What substances break apart into two or more ions when put into water.
Electrolytes
When in balance, the body’s pH should be within what range?
7.35-7.45
Cause tissue damage.
Free radicals
An ion is an atom that ______
Could be either positively or negatively charged.
Chemical imbalances contribute to many conditions, including _______
Depression, diabetes and cancer
Protons, neutrons and electrons are all examples of _______
Subatomic particles
Excess calories are stored as _____
Fat
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen account for approximately ___% of the body’s mass.
96%
Two or more atoms bonded together is a(n) _____
Molecule
Two or more forms of the same atom with different masses are _______
Isotopes
Consuming too much of a mineral can result in______
Toxicity
______ is an example of an acid.
Gastric juice
______ is not a trace element.
Niacin
The simplest component from which all other chemical structures are built.
Element
A biochemical reaction in which simpler substances are combined to form more complex substances, resulting in the storage of energy, the production of new cellular material and growth.
Anabolism
A biochemical process involved in the breakdown of organic compounds, usually leading to the production of energy.
Catabolism
The sum of all energy-producing and energy-using processes that occur in the human body.
Metabolism
Chemical elements are composed of ___
Atoms
The core of the atom.
Nucleus
Protons have what type of charge?
Positive
Neutrons have what type of charge?
Neutral
Electrons have what type of charge?
Negative
