19 - The Reproductive System Flashcards by Brad Hurst

A circle of dark-colored skin around the nipple

Areola

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The serous fluid within the placenta that cushions the baby from injury; important to fetal development.

Amniotic fluid

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A chromosome that is not a sex chromosome

Autosome

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The female mammary glands, which produce milk

Breasts

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A genetic structure of the cell that carries the DNA

Chromosome

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A small mass of erect tissue at the entrance to the vagina.

Clitoris

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A cell containing all the genetic material

Diploid cell

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The expulsion of semen

Ejaculation

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The lining of the uterus that is expelled during the menstrual period and grows back each cycle

Endometrium

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Tubes that transport egg cells from the ovaries to the womb

Fallopian tubes

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Egg cells and sperm cells

Gametes

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The ovaries in females, the testes in males

Gonads

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The outer pair of lips of the vulva, the external female genitals

Labia majora

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The inner pair of lips of the vulva, the external female genitals

Labia minora

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The milk-producing glands in females; the breasts

Mammary glands

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A type of cell division that occurs in two successive divisions that results in haploid cells

Meiosis

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The onset of menustration

Menarche

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The gradual decline and ultimate cessation of the menstrual cycle

Menopause

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The reproductive cycle, characterized by the monthly discharge of blood from the uterus

Menstrual cycle

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A smooth muscle of the uterus

Myometrium

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Two small, bean-shaped female gonads where eggs are developed and released

Ovaries

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An egg cell

Ovum

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A thin fluid coating of the uterus

Perimetrium

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A special tissue within the uterus that houses the baby and amniotic fluid during pregnancy; it joins the mother to her fetus and provides the fetus with oxygen, water, and nutrients from the mother’s blood and secretes the hormones necessary for a successful pregnancy.

Placenta

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A gland in males surrounding the neck of the urinary bladder and urethra that aids in the manufacture of semen

Prostrate gland

A sac that houses the testicles

Scrotum

The fluid released during ejaculation that contains sperm and secretions from the prostrate gland and seminal vesicles

Semen

A pair of structures located near the urinary bladder and prostrate gland that manufacture seminal fluid

Seminal vesicles

The male reproductive cells or sex cell

Sperm

A group of arteries, veins, lymph vessels, nerves and the duct called the vas deferens that passes through the inguinal canal to the testes.

Spermatic cord

A testicle; the male gonad

Testis

The female womb

Uterus

The female sex organ; also the birth canal

Vagina

The visible external female genitalia, including the mons pubis, labia, clitoris, vaginal orifice, vestibule glands.

Vulva

Premature separation of the placenta; life-threatening to the fetus

Abruptio placentae

A disease that is epidemic in prevalence, caused by the human immunodeficiency virus

AIDS

The abnormal discontinuation of the menstrual cycle.

Amenorrhea

A cyst in the vestibular gland

Bartholin cyst

A noncancerous enlargement of the prostrate gland

Benign prostrate hypertrophy (BPH)

Small parasitic insects that cause a red rash; their eggs stick to hair shafts and cause itching

Body lice

The uncontrolled growth of abnormal breast tissue

Breast cancer

A general term for any lump in the breast - tumor, cyst, or abscess; can be benign or malignant

Breast lump

A superficial fungal infection caused by Candida albicans that usually involves the skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, or vagina

Candidiasis

The removal or destruction of the testes

Castration

Cancer at the neck of the uterus

Cervical cancer

The most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease

Chlamydia

A lingering or recurrent inflammation of the cervix

Chronic cervicitis

The surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis

Circumcision

The failure of one or both of the testes to descend

Cryptorchism

Difficulty with menses accompanied by pain

Dysmenorrhea

The abnormal growth of the fetus somewhere other uterus, usually in the Fallopian tubes

Ectopic pregnancy

The abnormal growth of tissue resembling the lining of the uterus in places other than the uterus, including the Fallopian tubes and pelvic cavity.

Endometriosis

A chronic disorder of forming abnormal fibrous tissue in the breasts

Fibrocystic breast disease

A nonmalignant tumor of smooth muscle in the uterus

Fibroid

A bacterial inflammation of the vagina that usually occurs in children and in women who have not had any sexual contact

Gardnerella vaginalis

A sexually transmitted disease caused by a herpes virus, characterized by painful outbreaks of lesions on the external genitals

Genital herpes

Warts that thrive on the moist skin of the sex organs, caused by the human papilloma virus

Genital warts

A sexually transmitted disease caused by bacteria and characterized by pus discharge and painful urination

Gonorrhea

The condition of one individual having sex organs characteristic of both male and female

Hermaphroditism

A birth defect in which the urethra opens at the bottom surface of the penis

Hypospadias

Surgical removal of the uterus

Hysterectomy

The inability to obtain or maintain an erection

Impotence

The inability to sexually reproduce

Infertility

A white, sticky discharge from the vagina

Leukorrhea

An inflammation of a testicle

Orchitis

A malignant tumor of the ovary

Ovarian cancer

An inflammatory condition of the pelvis cavity that is secondary to another disease

Pelvia inflammatory disease (PID)

A condition in which the foreskin cannot be drawn back over the penis

Phimosis

A condition in which the placenta covers the opening to the birth canal

Placenta previa

A combination of physical discomfort and mental and emotional upset that normally occurs between ovulation and the onset of menstruation

Premenstrual syndrom (PMS)

A malignant tumor of the prostrate gland

Prostrate cancer

Any dysfunction affecting the prostrate gland

Prostrate disorder

A total removal of the breast, surrounding tissue and lymph nodes in response to breast cancer

Radical mastectomy

An inflammation of the fallopian tubes

Salpingitis

A serious sexually transmitted disease caused by spirochete (a bacterium)

Syphilis

A malignancy in the testicles

Testicular cancer

A serious bloodborne bacterial infection that if allowed to progress can result in kidney failure or shock

Toxic shock syndrome

An inflammation of the vagina caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginitis

Trichomoniasis

A malignancy of the uterus

Uterine cancer

Any malfunction of the uterus

Uterine disorder

An inflammation of the vagina usually accompanied by burning, itching, and foul-smelling discharge

Vaginitis

Another term for candidiasis

Yeast vaginitis