8 - Skeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
The human body has ____ bones.
A
206
2
Q
The ____ is an example of a long bone.
A
Femur
3
Q
The hyoid is what type of bone?
A
Irregularly shaped bone
4
Q
The joint where two bones meet.
A
Articulation
5
Q
Immovable joints are classified as _____
A
Synarthrotic
6
Q
An example of a freely movable joint.
A
Hip
7
Q
The ____ functions as a fulcrum.
A
Joint
8
Q
The most plentiful levers in the body are _____
A
Third class
9
Q
A meatus is ______
A
A canal
10
Q
The coronal and sagittal sutures meet at the _____
A
Fontanel
11
Q
Bone marrow produces ____ red blood cells every minute.
A
2,000,000
12
Q
The end of a long bone is called the ______
A
Epiphysis
13
Q
The adductors of the thigh are ___ levers.
A
Third-class
14
Q
The articulating surfaces of synovial joints are referred to as ____
A
Facets
15
Q
A cavity or slight depression on the skull.
A
Fossa
16
Q
The study of the skeletal system.
A
Osteology
17
Q
The branch of surgery concerned with the skeletal system.
A
Orthopedics
18
Q
Individual bone cells.
A
Osteocytes
19
Q
Cells that release stored mineral nutrients from the bones and produce substances that break down bone tissue to remove tissue that isn’t needed.
A
Osteoclasts
20
Q
_______ build bone cells, repair bone tissue and stores minerals for future use.
A
Osteoblasts
21
Q
The hardest structure in the body; a calcified tissue that surrounds the pulp cavity of a tooth.
A
Dentine
22
Q
The hard, dense outer layer of bone.
A
Compact bone
23
Q
The interior of the ends of the bone that is less dense, porous material that contains spaces filled with bone marrow.
A
Spongy bone
24
Q
The shaft of the long bone.
A
Diaphysis
25
The internal space in long bones.
Medullary cavity
26
A layer of connective tissue lining the medullary cavity of the long bone.
Endosteum
27
A specialized connective tissue that covers the outer bone surface and acts as a connector to the tendons.
Periosteum
28
The production of electrical polarization in the material in the bone caused by mechanical stress.
Piezoelectricity
29
The part of the skeleton which includes the skull, the hyoid, the bones of the thorax, and the vertebral column.
Axial skeleton
30
The part of the skeleton which includes the bones of the shoulders, hips, hands, legs and feet.
Appendicular skeleton
31
The phalanges are an example of what type of bone?
Short bone
32
The scapula, ilium and sternum are examples of what type of bone?
Flat bone
33
The tarsus in the foot is an example of what type of bone?
Cuboid bone
34
Another term for synarthrotic joint.
Fibrous joint
35
Pubic bones and the sacroiliac are examples of what type of joint?
Amphiarthrotic joint
36
Another term for amphiartrotic joint.
Cartilaginous joint
37
Fingers are examples of what type of joint?
Diarthrotic or synovial joint.
38
The hip and and shoulder joints are examples of what type of joint?
Ball-and-socket joint
39
The elbow, knee and ankle are examples of what type of joint?
Hinge joint
40
Intercarpals and intertarsals are examples of what type of joint?
Gliding joint
41
The wrist and atlas-occipital joint, where the head is attached to the body are examples of what type of joint?
Ellipsoid joint
42
The joint between the first two cervical vertebrae is an example of what type of joint?
Pivot joint
43
Muscles are connected to the bones with _____
Tendons
44
Bones are connected to bones with ____
Ligaments
45
A deep projection in a bone (bony landmark).
Arch
46
A duct or channel (bony landmark); such as in the ear.
Canal
47
Firm, smooth, resilient nonvascular tissue.
Cartilage
48
A rounded projection at the articulation of an extremity (bony landmark); such as the end of the humerus.
Condyle
49
A bony ridge (bony landmark); such as the top of the iliac.
Crest
50
A bony projection on either side of a condyle area, such as the distal end of the humerus; it serves as an attachment point for muscles and ligaments.
Epicondyle
51
A smooth plane surface, such as the articulation of the vertebrae.
Facet
52
A cleft or groove (bony landmark).
Fissure
53
An opening for nerves or other tissue to pass through (bony landmark).
Foramen
54
The large bony projection on the femur.
Greater trochanter
55
A furrow or channel (bony landmark).
Groove
56
The larger, thicker, heavier part of a bone.
Head
57
A long, narrow ridge (bony landmark).
Line
58
A natural passage or canal (bony landmark).
Meatus
59
A wide, shallow depression (bony landmark).
Notch
60
A projection (bony landmark).
Process
61
A cavity within an organ or area (bony landmark).
Sinus
62
A sharp, slender projection (bony landmark).
Spinous process
63
A groove along a bone that accommodates a nerve, tendon or blood vessel (bony landmark).
Sulcus
64
A knob, such as that found on the posterior surface of a rib at the articulation of the transverse process (bony landmark).
Tubercle
65
A rounded elevation (bony landmark).
Tuberosity
66
A line where the frontal section meets the two paritel sections of the skull.
Coronal suture
67
The general term for the eight bones of the head; together with the 14 bones of the face they make up the skull.
Cranium
68
The complex bone where the of factory nerves pass through the cranium.
Ethmoid
69
The junction in the skull where the coronal and Sagittal sutures meet; it is membranous at birth.
Fontanel
70
The forehead; the anterior part of the skull.
Frontal bone
71
The thin, curvy bones on the lateral sides of the nasal cavity.
Inferior nasal concha
72
The bone where the glands that secrete tears are located.
Lacrimal
73
The junction of the occipital and parietal bones.
Lambdoidal suture
74
The lower jaw bone
Mandible
75
A bony process located at the lateral side of the skull, behind the ear.
Mastoid
76
The upper jaw bone.
Maxilla
77
Bone pertaining to the nose.
Nasal
78
Referring to the back part of the head bones.
Occipital
79
Small bones of the ears.
Ossicles
80
A pair of bones located in the back of the mouth.
Palatine
81
Referring to the side bones of the skull.
Parietal
82
The suture between the two parietal bones.
Sagittal suture
83
A wedge-shaped bone in front of the occipital bone.
Sphenoid
84
The overlapping bone margins on the lateral side of the head.
Squamous suture
85
A large, irregular bone situated in the base and side of the head.
Temporal
86
The partitioning bone between the nostrils.
Vomer
87
The bone beneath the orbit forming the cheek.
Zygomatic
88
The first vertebra; the head sits on it.
Atlas
89
The second vertebra; allows side-to-side movement of the head.
Axis
90
The wrist bone.
Carpal
91
The collar bone.
Clavicle
92
The tail bone.
Coccyx
93
The thigh bone.
Femur
94
The smaller, outer lower leg bone.
Fibula
95
The upper arm bone.
Humerus
96
The hand bones between the wrist and the fingers.
Metacarpals
97
The mid-bones of the foot, in between the ankle and the toes.
Metatarsals
98
The kneecap.
Patella
99
The hip bones.
Pelvic girdle
100
The finger and toes bones.
Phalanges
101
The lower arm bone on the lateral aspect (thumb side) of the forearm.
Radius
102
Articulating from the spine, most of the bones that connect to the sternum to protect the thoracic organs.
Ribs
103
The shoulder blade.
Scapula
104
The breast bone.
Sternum
105
The larger, inner lower leg bone.
Tibia
106
The lower arm bone on the medial aspect (little finger side) of the forearm.
Ulna
107
The bones of the back (spinal column).
Vertebrae
108
How many vertebrae in the cervical spine?
7
109
How many vertebrae in the thoracic spine?
12
110
How many vertebrae are in the lumbar spine?
5
111
How many vertebrae are fused together to form the coccyx?
3-5
112
A posterior curvature of the thoracic spine, also called hunchback.
Kyphosis
113
A combination of a posterior curvature of the lumbar area and a lateral curvature.
Lordoscoliosis
114
An anterior curvature of the lumbar area of the spine, also called swayback.
Lordosis
115
A lateral curvature of the spine.
Scoliosis
116
The most common type of bone cancer.
Osteosarcoma
117
A cancer in the cartilage, usually around the pelvis or extremities, usually affects middle-aged adults.
Chondrosarcoma
118
The displacement of a bone from its normal location.
Dislocation
119
A partial displacement of one of the bones that comprises a joint.
Subluxation
120
A fracture in which the skin is broken and there is an open wound down to bone.
Compound fracture
121
A fracture in which the skin is intact at the break.
Closed fracture
122
An inflammation of the joints.
Arthritis
123
An inflammation of the bursa, the fluid-filled sac that lies between the bone and the tendon; caused by trauma or overuse.
Bursitis
124
Deterioration of the cartilage on the underside of the patella.
Chondromalacia
125
Recurring episodes of arthritis in the peripheral joints, usually the big toe caused by an excess of uric acid building up in the joint spaces.
Gout
126
An endocrine disorder in which too much calcium is removed from the bone and put into the blood, which in turn causes bone pain.
Hyperparathyroidism
127
Degeneration and eventual loss of the cartilage that serves as a cushion between the joints and bones.
Osteoarthritis
128
An inflammation of the bone caused by pus-producing organism; it may involve only superficial area but is capable of penetrating through the bone.
Osteomyelitis
129
Bone death resulting from poor blood supply to an area of bone.
Osteonecrosis
130
A disease in which the body loses bone marrow mass and replaces it with fibrous or vascular tissue.
Paget disease
131
A deterioration of the head of the femur at the hip joint caused by a lack of blood supply; usually occurs during childhood and primarily affects boys.
Perth disease
