Flashcards in 16 - The Respiratory System Deck (57)
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Small sacs in the lungs that fill with air from the alveolar ducts (singular alveolus).
Alveoli
1
The larger air passages in the lungs.
Bronchi
2
A tiny branch of the bronchi that connects to the alveoli.
Bronchiole
3
The outer curved part of the nasal cavities that acts as a filter for dust, and to warm and moisten the incoming air.
Choana
4
A dome-shaped muscle between the thoracic and abdominal cavities; controls regular, relaxed breathing by contracting and relaxing.
Diaphragm
5
A cartilaginous flap above the glottis that closes while food or liquid is passing through the pharynx.
Epiglottis
6
Breathing out
Exhalation
7
Another term for exhalation (breathing out).
Expiration
8
The vocal cords and the opening between them.
Glottis
9
Breathing in
Inhalation
10
Another term for inhalation (breathing in).
Inspiration
11
The bottom part of the pharynx.
Laryngopharynx
12
The voice box
Larynx
13
The main breathing organs in the chest that bring oxygen into the body and expel carbon dioxide.
Lungs
14
Any of the passages in the nasal passages.
Nasal cavity
15
The part of the pharynx behind the nasal cavity and above the soft palate.
Nasopharynx
16
External openings of the nose that provide air passage and secretions from the nose and eyes.
Nostrils
17
The part of the throat located at the back of the mouth.
Oropharynx
18
The outer layer of the pleural membrane.
Parietal pleura
19
The cavity at the back of the mouth that opens to the esophagus and larynx.
Pharynx
20
The volume of air left in the lungs after a maximum exhalation.
Residual volume
21
An air-filled cavity
Sinus
22
The volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled during a normal, resting breathing cycle.
Tidal volume
23
The volume of air in the lungs after a maximum inhalation.
Total lung capacity
24
The inner layer of the pleural membrane
Visceral pleura
25
The volume of gas that can be exhaled from the lungs at maximum inhalation.
Vital capacity
26
A number of conditions in which the lungs receive inadequate oxygen; may be caused by a pathological condition or by exposure to smoke, pollution, or toxic chemicals, resulting in shortness of breath.
Acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS)
27
The temporary cessation of breathing (usually occurs during sleep)
Apnea
28
A condition caused by an inadequate intake of oxygen.
Asphyxia
29
The accidental inhalation of foreign matter into the bronchial system.
Aspiration
30
A disease characterized by narrowing of the bronchial tubes, making breathing difficult.
Asthma
31
Abnormally slow breathing
Bradypnea
32
Inflammation of the bronchi
Bronchitis
33
An irregular breathing pattern consisting of periods of maximum respiration followed by a progressive decrease until apnea results; often seen in comatose or brain-injured patients.
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
34
A progressive disease characterized by shortness of breath, wheezing, and chronic coughing, usually caused by smoking; usually a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
35
Profuse discharge from the mucous membrane of the nose.
Coryza
36
A common genetic disorder of infants and children in which thick, viscous mucus is produced in the respiratory tract; the exocrine glands do not secrete properly, and a predisposition to bacterial infections exists in the lungs.
Cystic fibrosis
37
Shortness of breath
Dyspnea
38
A lung disease in which tissue deterioration results in increased air retention and reduced exchange of gases. The result is difficulty breathing and shortness of breath; usually caused by smoking.
Emphysema
39
A common nosebleed
Epistaxis
40
A seasonal rhinitis resulting from an allergic reaction to pollen.
Hay fever
41
Coughing up blood from lungs or airways
Hemoptysis
42
An involuntary spastic contraction of the diaphragm.
Hiccup
43
Abnormally deep or fast respiration, in which excessive quantities of air are taken in, causing buzzing in the ears, tingling in the extremities, and sometimes fainting.
Hyperventilation
44
An acute viral infection involving the respiration tract and other body systems.
Influenza
45
A cancerous growth in the lung tissue.
Lung cancer
46
An inflammation of the covering around the lungs.
Pleurisy
47
An inflammation of the lungs caused by a bacterial or viral infection, which causes fever, shortness of breath, and the coughing up of phlegm (mucus and other material produced by the lining of the respiratory tract; also called sputum).
Pneumonia
48
A collapsed lung caused by accumulation of air or gas in the space between the lung and chest wall.
Pneumothorax
49
The abnormal collection of fluid in the lungs.
Pulmonary edema
50
An inability of the lungs to conduct gas exchange.
Respiratory failure
51
Asthma, hay fever, and other conditions caused by oversensitivity of any part of the respiratory system.
Respiratory hypersensitivity
52
A failure to provide adequate oxygen to the cells of the body and remove carbon dioxide.
Respiratory insufficiency
53
An inflammation of mucous membranes in the nose; the common cold.
Rhinitis
54
Pain or discomfort from inflammation of any combination of the tonsils, larynx, or pharynx; also called pharyngitis.
Sore throat
55
Exaggeratedly rapid breathing
Tachypnea
56
