2.2.1 Bonding and Electronegativity Flashcards
note
- Electrons between atoms tend to interact. This interaction often results in bonding.
- Electrons tend to exist in pairs, which are found in orbitals. Orbitals are not orbits but cloud-like areas.
An atom has three key characteristic
- Their electrons tend to exist in pairs.
- They show tendencies towards positive and negative attractions.
- They tend to establish full outer shells.
electronegativity
- the measure of an atom’s tendency to hold or gain electrons. A general rule to follow is that if two atoms have a difference in electronegativity greater than
two, then an electron is transfered from the atom with the smaller electronegativity to the atom with the greater electronegativity. If the difference is less than two, then the atoms will share electron pairs.
Which of the following orders for the electronegativity of elements is correct?
a. O > N > S = C > H
b. S = N > O > C > H
c. H > C > O > S = N
d. C > O > F > N = S
a. O > N > S = C > H
Electrons are the __________ particles of atoms.
- negatively charged
Atoms with low electronegativities are most likely to form what kind of ions?
- positively charged ions
The electronegativity of an atom is its ability to
- attract electrons.
An atom with a high electronegativity is more likely to become which type of ion?
- negative
Atoms of very different electronegativities will form a bond in which electrons are
- transferred
Potassium atoms (atomic number 19) have one electron in their valence shell. Which statement about potassium atoms is true?
- The positive ion of potassium will have a full valence shell
Which of the following is not a reason that atoms bond?
a. Electrons tend to travel in pairs.
b. Atoms are influenced by electrostatics.
c. Atoms tend to form completely filled outer shells.
d. Atoms bond to overcome their electronegativity.
d. Atoms bond to overcome their electronegativity.
