2.5.3 Polysaccharides: Energy Storage Molecules

Question 1

Polysaccharides

Answer 1

• polymers of monosaccharides that can serve as energy storage molecules.

Question 2

note

Answer 2

• Three storage polysaccharides are amylose, amylopectin, and glycogen.

Question 3

amylose

Answer 3

• a storage polysaccharide found in plants. Amylose consists of a chain of glucose molecules joined together by 1-4 glycosidic linkages. The 1-4 means that each bond between two glucose molecules connects the
  first carbon on one molecule to the fourth carbon on the other.
• The enzyme amylase breaks down amylose. About 20% of the starch in a potato is amylose.

Question 4

amlyopectin

Answer 4

• a storage polysaccharide that is also found in plants. Amylopectin consists of chains of glucose molecules joined together by 1-4 glycosidic linkages that branch at 1-6 glycosidic linkages. About 80% of the starch in a potato is amylopectin.

Question 5

glycogen

Answer 5

• human “starch”. It is stored in the liver and muscles. Glycogen is similar to amylopectin in that it consists of chains of glucose molecules joined together by 1-4
  linkages and has 1-6 linkages at branch points. It is more highly branched than amylopectin.

Question 6

The principal fuel source for living animals is

Answer 6

• monosaccharides

Question 7

Which of the following polysaccharides found in plants is highly branched and consists of glucose molecules connected by 1–4 linkages with 1–6 linkages at the branch points?

Answer 7

• Amylopectin

Question 8

Which of the following polysaccharides would be found stored within a muscle cell?

Answer 8

• glycogen

Question 9

Which of the following molecules is not a polysaccharide?

a. starch
b. glycogen
c. sucrose
d. amylose

Answer 9

• c. sucrose

Question 10

In animal cells, glucose is stored as

Answer 10

• glycogen

Question 11

In plant cells, glucose is stored as

Answer 11

• starch