3.7.1 Major Modes of Nutrition Among Organisms Flashcards
1
Q
autotrophs
A
- are capable of making their own food. -
Photoautotrophs, such as plants, use light energy to make their food. Chemoautotrophs, including some bacteria, use chemical energy to make their food. - They take in raw materials, often inorganic material, from the environment as a carbon source. An example of autotrophy is photosynthesis.
2
Q
heterotrophs
A
- acquire their food from other organisms.
- Chemoheterotrophs, such as fungi, animals, and some bacteria use chemical energy from other organisms.
- Photoheterotrophs, which include some bacteria, use light energy, but acquire carbon from other organisms.
- must take in food from other organisms. They use food for both energy and raw materials. Examples are animals, some bacteria, fungi and protists.
3
Q
photoautotrophs
A
- use light energy to split water. They then combine hydrogen molecules with inorganic CO2 to make food.
4
Q
chemoautotrophs
A
- oxidize chemicals to obtain energy. They use some of that energy to fix CO2 to make food.
5
Q
photoheterotrophs
A
- use light as an energy source, but must obtain their carbon from organic sources. Chemoheterotrophs obtain energy and carbon from organic compounds.
6
Q
Photoautotrophs
A
- obtain energy from light and carbon from carbon dioxide
7
Q
Which of the following molecules would not be a good source of energy for a chemoautotroph such as Sulfolobus ?
A
- oxygen
8
Q
Chemoautotrophs differ from photoautotrophs in that
A
- Chemoautotrophs oxidize inorganic chemicals to obtain energy.
9
Q
True or false?
Autotrophs are able to make their own food, whereas heterotrophs must take in food from other organisms.
A
- true
10
Q
All of the following are chemoheterotrophs except
a. mushrooms
b. humans
c. cyanobacteria
d. shelf fungus
e. more than one of these
A
- c. cyanobacteria
11
Q
The two major types of nutrients are
A
- those that are used as raw materials and the ones that are a source of energy
