4.1.3 Respiration: An Overview Flashcards
1
Q
ATP
A
- the energy currency of the cell. The hydrolysis of the high-energy bond in ATP can be coupled to endergonic reactions to drive them.
- ATP is generated through a process called respiration. Respiration involves capturing the energy stored in the bonds in glucose and storing that energy in the form of ATP.
2
Q
Respiration
A
- begins with a process called glycolysis. If oxygen is present, the end products of glycolysis will proceed to the Krebs cycle. If oxygen is not present, the end products will undergo fermentation.
- ## energy is removed from the bonds of molecules (in this case glucose) and stored in the form of ATP. ATP is the energy currency of the cell. Much of the work that takes place in the cell is driven by the hydrolysis of ATP.
3
Q
glycolysis
A
- This process involves the splitting of glucose (a six-carbon molecule) to two (three-carbon) pyruvate molecules through a series of 10 enzyme-mediated reactions.
- Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and is anaerobic, meaning that oxygen is not required.
- After glycolysis, if oxygen is present, pyruvate will be broken down further in the mitochondria to produce CO2, H2O, and energy.
- When oxygen is not present, pyruvate will be converted to lactate or ethanol in a process called fermentation.
4
Q
The ultimate goal of cellular respiration is to
A
- transfer energy
5
Q
Glycolysis is an _____________ process.
A
- anaerobic
6
Q
Glycolysis occurs in
A
- animal and plant cells
7
Q
Which pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration?
A
- glycolysis
8
Q
Red blood cells of mammals do not have mitochondria. Since red blood cells lack mitochondria, what process provides their energy?
A
- glycolysis
9
Q
Choose the best description of the process of cellular respiration.
A
- Carbohydrates are broken down with the consumption of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy.
