12.1.5 Animal Tissues: Dense, Fluid, and Supportive Connective Tissue

Question 1

Animal Tissues: Dense, Fluid, and Supportive Connective Tissue

Answer 1

• Dense regular connective tissue includes all tendons, aponeuroses, ligaments, and elastic tissue.
• Dense irregular connective tissue confers strength and elasticity in multiple directions and is found in the skin and organ sacs.
• Fluid connective tissue contains plasma and cells, and is known as blood, lymph, and interstitial fluid.
• Supportive connective tissue includes bone and cartilage, which are live tissues.

Question 2

Dense regular connective tissue includes tendons,

aponeuroses, ligaments, and elastic tissues.

Answer 2

• Tendons, shown in the diagram to the left, are a very tough connective tissue, which connect muscle to bone. They consist of many collagen fibers.
• Aponeuroses form a covering for muscles. They are thought to connect muscles to other muscles.
• Ligaments, shown in the figure to the left, connect bone to bone and have many elastic fibers.
• Elastic tissue has many more elastic fibers and is present in the walls of blood vessels.

Question 3

dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 3

• consists of many collagen fibers. The fibers are laid down in different directions and provide strength in every direction. An example of dense irregular connective tissue is in skin (close-up view shown to the left). It is also found in bone capsules and organ sacs.

Question 4

fluid connective tissue

Answer 4

• consists of mostly water with freely moving cells. Examples include blood, lymph, and interstitial fluid.

Question 5

supportive connective tissue

Answer 5

• Supporting connective tissue provides structural support to the body. It includes cartilage and bone.
• Cartilage is made by cells called chondrocytes, which lay down the matrix. Chondrocytes are found within small pockets in the matrix called lacunae.
• Cartilage is an avascular tissue that relies on diffusion for nutrients. There are three types of cartilage: hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage.

Question 6

bone

Answer 6

• Bone is another type of supportive connective tissue. Bone is composed of living cells that are embedded in a matrix composed of collagen and salts.
• Bone is made up of repeating units called a
  Haversian system. The Haversian system is made up of
  concentric layers of bone matrix, a central canal with a blood vessel and a system of connecting canals. Within the matrix are lacunae, which contain osteocytes, bone making cells. Small canals, known as canaliculae, branch out from the blood vessels and nourish the osteocytes.

Question 7

What are lacunae?

Answer 7

• Lacunae are the small pockets in the matrix of cartilage.

Question 8

Connective tissue includes

Answer 8

• bone
• adipose tissue
• lymph

Question 9

What are the small tunnel-like pathways that lead out from blood vessels in bone in order to nourish osteocytes?

Answer 9

• canaliculae

Question 10

Aponeuroses

Answer 10

• connect muscle to muscle.

Question 11

True or false?

Blood and interstitial fluid are connective tissues.

Answer 11

• true

Question 12

Which of the following is not a kind of cartilage?

Answer 12

• chondrocartilage