8th grade science midterm review

Question 0

what is used accurately measure mass?

Answer 0

triple beam balance

Question 1

what is the proper way to smell a chemical?

Answer 1

waft the odor towards your nose

Question 2

what is used to accurately measure liquids?

Answer 2

graduated cylinder

Question 3

explain how to correctly read a graduated cylinder

Answer 3

read it eye level at the bottom of the meniscus

Question 4

how many cm are there in a meter?

Answer 4

100=1 meter

Question 5

define physical change

Answer 5

A change from one state to another liquid solid gas

Question 6

give to examples of physical changes

Answer 6

ice melting solid to liquid water boiling liquid to gas

Question 7

define chemical change

Answer 7

A chemical combining with another chemical to make a new substance

Question 8

give to examples of chemical change

Answer 8

rusty nail burning match

Question 9

what are the four types of evidence that a chemical change has occurred?

Answer 9

Color change heat odor precipitate

Question 10

define a physical property

Answer 10

A property that you can see feel and measure

Question 11

give three examples of physical properties of substances

Answer 11

State color size density

Question 12

what particles are in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 12

protons and neutrons

Question 13

describe the location of electrons

Answer 13

located in the electron shells that orbit the nucleus

Question 14

what is the smallest part of an element

Answer 14

electron

Question 15

element

Answer 15

element- One of the basic substances that are made of Atoms of only one kind and that can not be separated by ordinary chemical means into simpler substances

Question 16

molecule

Answer 16

The smallest possible amount of a particular substance that has the characteristics of that substance

Question 17

compound

Answer 17

A substance made up of two or more different types of Atoms bonded together

Question 18

give examples of two elements

Answer 18

hydrogen oxygen

Question 19

give an example of two compounds

Answer 19

carbon dioxide and sodium chloride

Question 20

atomic number is the same number of

Answer 20

protons and electrons

Question 21

how is the periodic table arranged

Answer 21

in order of increasing atomic mass

Question 22

explain how elements in the same group are similar

Answer 22

they have similar chemical properties

Question 23

if the atomic number of an element is eight how many protons does it have

Answer 23

eight protons

Question 24

how are the noble gases different than other group of elements

Answer 24

stable with eight electrons in the outer shell

Question 25

homogeneous mixtures

Answer 25

have a uniform composition such as milk salt water sugar water

Question 26

heterogeneous mixtures

Answer 26

as a non-uniform composition such as cement beef stew

Question 27

describe the shape and volume of solids liquids and gases

Answer 27

solids have a set sheep and volume can be measured liquids take the shape of the container it is in and volume can be measured gas has no definite shape and volume depend on container takes up the space that is not occupied

Question 28

on a solid becomes a liquid is called

Answer 28

melting

Question 29

explain the particle arrangement of a solid

Answer 29

tightly packed uniform arrangement of molecules

Question 30

what is the density of water

Answer 30

1 g/ml

Question 31

if an object has a density greater than water it well

Answer 31

sink

Question 32

if an object is dropped into a liquid and it sinks to the bottom it is...

Answer 32

more dense than the liquid

Question 33

three examples of acid

Answer 33

battery acid lemon juice vinegar

Question 34

give three examples of bases

Answer 34

baking soda milk of magnesia and Ammonia solution

Question 35

give One example of neutral

Answer 35

water

Question 36

A neutral solution has a pH of

Answer 36

seven

Question 37

The lower the number of the pH scale the

Answer 37

higher the acid

Question 38

most almonds in the periodic table are

Answer 38

metals

Question 39

define solution

Answer 39

A liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed with the major component (the solvent)

Question 40

define and give an example of a solvent and salute

Answer 40

solvent-water salute-salt

Question 41

in a solution of saltwater was the salute and what is the solvent

Answer 41

solvent-water salute-salt

Question 42

define energy

Answer 42

The ability to do work or effect a change

Question 43

Who was Isaac Newton

Answer 43

physicist that invented/discovered the three laws of motion

Question 44

explain newtons first law

Answer 44

an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Question 45

explain Newton's second law

Answer 45

acceleration increases with force and decreases with mass

Question 46

explain newtons third law

Answer 46

every action has an equal and opposite reaction

Question 47

which of newtons laws had lead to the use of many safety features in car such as airbags

Answer 47

newtons first law

Question 48

define inertia which of newtons laws does it describe

Answer 48

The tendency of an object to resist changes in velocity newtons first law

Question 49

what type of force causes an objects motion to change

Answer 49

unbalanced force

Question 50

speed measurements are given in units of

Answer 50

meters/seconds or miles/hours

Question 51

what is centripetal force

Answer 51

A force that acts on a body moving in a circular path and is directed toward the center around which the body is moving