APCHEM Chemical Equilibrium

Question 0

Equilibrium law

Answer 0

The concentration of all the products multiplied together divided by the reactants multiplied together. (Equals Kc)

Question 1

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 1

A chemical process that is going in the forward and in the reverse directions at the same rate, leaving the concentration of the reactants and products constant

Question 2

What two cases will a substance not be included in the equilibrium law equation?

Answer 2

When it’s a Pure liquid or a solid

Question 3

More reactants/products rules

Answer 3

Kc is greater than 10^10=mostly product
Kc is less than 10^-10=mostly reactant
Kc=1 the there are approximately equal amounts of products and reactants

Question 4

Rules of spontaneity

Answer 4

Kc>1 spontaneous (products form when reactants are mixed without help)
Kc<1 nonspontaneous (reaction needs help to occur)

Question 5

Three principles of Q

Answer 5

Q=Kc the reaction is at EQ
Q<Kc>Kc the reaction will go in the reverse direction making more reactants to reach equilibrium</Kc>

Question 6

What is meant by chemical equilibrium ?

Answer 6

The reactant and product concentration are constant

Question 7

What is an equilibrium constant

Answer 7

Kc (products/reactants)

Question 8

Formula for the relationship between Kp and Kc

Answer 8

Kp=Kc(RT)^change in mol

Question 9

What does Ksp mean?

Answer 9

How much solute will dissolve within a solution

Question 10

Saturated solution

Answer 10

EQ solution where the max amount of solute has been dissolved and there’s extra solid in the solution

Question 11

What does large and small Ksp mean?

Answer 11

Large- ionic solid is very soluble

Small- ionic solid not very soluble

Question 12

Solubility

Answer 12

The max amount of solid that can be dissolved in a solvent g/L

Question 13

Molar solubility

Answer 13

Solubility is units mol/L

Question 14

Solubility constant (Ksp)

Answer 14

Ratio that expresses the magnitude in the difference between the reactant concentration and the ionic solute.

Question 15

What is X?

Answer 15

Molar solubility mol/L

Question 16

Le Chatelier’s Principle

Answer 16

If a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change in temperature pressure or concentration, the system will shift to counteract the effect of the disturbance

Question 17

Add reactant-

Add product-

Answer 17

Right

Left

Question 18

Remove reactant-

Remove product-

Answer 18

Left right

Question 19

To Reduce pressure

Answer 19

Shift to the side with fewer moles

Question 20

To Increase pressure

Answer 20

Shift to the side with more moles

Question 21

Endothermic increase in T

Endothermic decrease in T

Answer 21

Increase K right

Decrease K left

Question 22

Exothermic increase in T

Exothermic decrease in T

Answer 22

Decrease K left

Increase K right