Biological Approach Overall

Question 1

What are the 6 AO1 points you must know for the biological approach?

Answer 1

-Genetic Basis of Behaviour
-Twin Studies and Concordance Rates
-Genotype and Phenotype
-Biological Structures and Neurochemistry
-The Role of the Endocrine System
-Evolution and Behaviour

Question 2

What does the biological approach say about the role of genes in behaviour?

Answer 2

Behaviour is influenced by genes inherited from our parents. Psychological traits, such as intelligence or mental illness, may have a genetic basis.

Question 3

How do twin studies support the biological approach?

Answer 3

Twin studies compare concordance rates between identical (MZ) and non-identical (DZ) twins. Higher rates in MZ twins suggest a genetic influence on behaviour.

Question 4

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Answer 4

Genotype is an individual’s genetic code; phenotype is how the genes are expressed, influenced by environmental factors—highlighting nature and nurture interaction.

Question 5

How do biological structures and neurochemistry affect behaviour?

Answer 5

Brain structures (e.g., frontal lobe) and neurotransmitters (e.g., dopamine, serotonin) influence behaviours such as decision-making, mood, and aggression.

Question 6

What is the role of the endocrine system in behaviour?

Answer 6

Hormones (e.g., testosterone, adrenaline) released by glands affect behaviour. For example, increased testosterone is linked to aggression.

Question 7

How does evolution influence behaviour according to the biological approach?

Answer 7

Behaviours that enhance survival and reproduction (e.g., fear responses) are passed on through natural selection, becoming part of human behaviour.