Flashcards in chapter 6: interest groups Deck (42)
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Political parties and interest groups
Factions
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According to Federalist No. 10, why do factions exist?
"Nature of man"
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A collection of people who share common interest or attitude and seek to influence government for specific ends
Interest groups
3
A large body of people interested in a common issue that is of continuing significance and who are willing to take action
Movement
4
What do movements seek to change?
Attitudes and institutions, not just policies
5
Why is the term "special interest" so derogative?
It implies a selfish, narrow view
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Examples of movements
Abolitionist, civil rights, environmental, women's suffrage, animal rights, and temperance
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How do movements see their causes?
As morally right
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How are movements protected by the Constitution?
1st amendment
9
The varied and overlapping nature of interest groups
Interest group pluralism
10
What is the effect of competition between interest groups?
Helps preserve democratic values and limits concentration of power in any single group.
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When corporations come under public scrutiny, how do they react?
They contribute more money to government
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Small business interest group
Small Business Administration
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Businesses with similar interests in government regulations
Trade associations
14
Broadest business trade association
Chamber of Commerce
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Oldest form of labor unions
Farm unions
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Union membership cannot be required as a condition of employment
Open shop
17
Union membership can be a condition of employment
Closed shop
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When a person benefits from the work of unions without joining it
Free riding
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What organization holds 80% of unionized labor?
AFL-CIO
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Why is union membership dwindling?
Shift from a manufacturing economy to a service economy
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Official document that lists the new and proposed regulations of executive departments and regulatory agencies
Federal Register
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How often is the Federal Register published?
Every weekday
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A "friend of the court" brief
Amicus curiae
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5 Types of interest groups
Economic
Ideological
Public Interest
Foreign policy
Government
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How do small businesses play a part as interest groups?
They group together into groups like National Federation of Independent Businesses
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What is the goal of the National Federation of Independent Businesses?
Elect pro-business candidates and lobby on behalf of small business owners
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What do ideological groups spawn from?
Movements
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2 modern day ideological groups
NRA and abortion (whether pro or against)
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Example of a foreign policy interest group who lobbies for support of Arab causes
National Association of Arab Americans
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What are the fastest growing unions?
Those amongst public employees
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An example of a public sector interest group
National Governors Association
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Most important characteristic to political power amongst interest groups
Involvement of the members in fighting for policy objectives
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The extent to which membership is concentrated or dispersed; the effect this has
Spread; in more concentrated areas, the group will hold greater power
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4 examples of resources within interest groups
Money, volunteers, expertise, information
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What role do the formal leaders of interest groups play?
Full-time paid positions who devote massive amounts of time, effort, and money to the group.
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What do the average members of interest groups do?
Identify with the group's claims, attend meetings, faithfully pay dues, and spread the word
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What do minor members of interest groups do?
They do not participate actively, and are only members in name. They cannot be counted on to vote with the group consistently
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Labor groups generally favor which party?
Democrat
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Business groups generally favor which party?
Republican
40
What role does the iron triangle play?
Enhances the policy preference of narrow interests
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