Flashcards in chapter 6: interest groups Deck (42):
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Political parties and interest groups
Factions
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According to Federalist No. 10, why do factions exist?
"Nature of man"
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A collection of people who share common interest or attitude and seek to influence government for specific ends
Interest groups
3
A large body of people interested in a common issue that is of continuing significance and who are willing to take action
Movement
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What do movements seek to change?
Attitudes and institutions, not just policies
5
Why is the term "special interest" so derogative?
It implies a selfish, narrow view
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Examples of movements
Abolitionist, civil rights, environmental, women's suffrage, animal rights, and temperance
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How do movements see their causes?
As morally right
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How are movements protected by the Constitution?
1st amendment
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The varied and overlapping nature of interest groups
Interest group pluralism
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What is the effect of competition between interest groups?
Helps preserve democratic values and limits concentration of power in any single group.
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When corporations come under public scrutiny, how do they react?
They contribute more money to government
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Small business interest group
Small Business Administration
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Businesses with similar interests in government regulations
Trade associations
14
Broadest business trade association
Chamber of Commerce
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Oldest form of labor unions
Farm unions
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Union membership cannot be required as a condition of employment
Open shop
17
Union membership can be a condition of employment
Closed shop
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When a person benefits from the work of unions without joining it
Free riding
19
What organization holds 80% of unionized labor?
AFL-CIO
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Why is union membership dwindling?
Shift from a manufacturing economy to a service economy
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Official document that lists the new and proposed regulations of executive departments and regulatory agencies
Federal Register
22
How often is the Federal Register published?
Every weekday
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A "friend of the court" brief
Amicus curiae
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5 Types of interest groups
Economic
Ideological
Public Interest
Foreign policy
Government
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How do small businesses play a part as interest groups?
They group together into groups like National Federation of Independent Businesses
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What is the goal of the National Federation of Independent Businesses?
Elect pro-business candidates and lobby on behalf of small business owners
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What do ideological groups spawn from?
Movements
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2 modern day ideological groups
NRA and abortion (whether pro or against)
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Example of a foreign policy interest group who lobbies for support of Arab causes
National Association of Arab Americans
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What are the fastest growing unions?
Those amongst public employees
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An example of a public sector interest group
National Governors Association
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Most important characteristic to political power amongst interest groups
Involvement of the members in fighting for policy objectives
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The extent to which membership is concentrated or dispersed; the effect this has
Spread; in more concentrated areas, the group will hold greater power
34
4 examples of resources within interest groups
Money, volunteers, expertise, information
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What role do the formal leaders of interest groups play?
Full-time paid positions who devote massive amounts of time, effort, and money to the group.
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What do the average members of interest groups do?
Identify with the group's claims, attend meetings, faithfully pay dues, and spread the word
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What do minor members of interest groups do?
They do not participate actively, and are only members in name. They cannot be counted on to vote with the group consistently
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Labor groups generally favor which party?
Democrat
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Business groups generally favor which party?
Republican
40
What role does the iron triangle play?
Enhances the policy preference of narrow interests
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