Conditional Sentences

Question 1

Simple

Answer 1

If he works, he desires money
If he worked, he desired money

Si laborat, pecuniam optat
Si laborabat, lecuniam optabat
Si laboravit, pecuniam optavit

LATIN/ ENGLISH: Indicative in both clauses

Question 2

Future more vivid

Answer 2

If he works, he will desire money
Si laborabit/laboraverit, pecuniam optabit

ENGLISH: present indicative (future perfect to be especially emphatic) + future indicative

LATIN: future indicative + future indicative

Question 3

Future less vivid

Answer 3

If he should work, he would desire money
Si laboret, pecuniam optet

ENGLISH: should + would (future less certain)

LATIN: present subjunctive + present subjunctive

Question 4

Present contrary-to-fact

Answer 4

If he were working, he would be desiring money/desire money
Si laboraret, pecuniam optaret

ENGLISH: were —ing, would be….-ing /would….(Untrue/hypothesised)

LATIN: imperfect subjunctive + imperfect subjunctive

Question 5

Past contrary-to-fact

Answer 5

If he had worked, he would have desired money
Si laboravisset, pecuniam optavisset

ENGLISH: had… Would have….

LATIN: pluperfect subjunctive + pluperfect subjunctive

Question 6

Mixed conditions

If he had worked, he would be desiring money/would desire money

Answer 6

Si laboravisset, pecuniam optaret

Question 7

The two clauses

Answer 7

Protasis - “si/nisi” clause
Apodosis

Action in protasis must be completed for that of the apodosis to occur