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Digestive System Part II Flashcards

1
Q

Type I collagen fiber produced by cementoblasts

A

CEMENTUM

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2
Q

Covers the central pulp chamber and pulp (root) canal

A

DENTIN

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3
Q

Odontoblasts (continue to elaborate dentin for the life of the tooth)

A

DENTIN

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4
Q

Highly vascularized CT that contains odontoblasts (close to dentin), fibroblasts, mesenchymal cells, types I and III CF and afferent nerve fibers.

A

DENTAL PULP

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5
Q

DENTAL SUPPORTING STRUCTURES:

A
  1. PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
  2. GINGIVAE (GUMS)
  3. ALVEOLAR BONE
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6
Q

Dense irregular collagenous connective tissue (Type I cf) arranged in 5 principal fiber bundles

A

PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT

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7
Q

PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT 5 principle bundles:

A

a. Alveolar Cast
b. Horizontal
c. Oblique
d. Apical
e. Interradicular

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8
Q

5 Principle fiber bundles of Gingivae (Gums)

A

a. Alveologingival
b. Dentogingival
c. Circular
d. Dentoperiosteal
e. Transseptal

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9
Q

Inner layer of Alveolar Bone

A

Compact bone (cribriform plate/ alveolar bone proper)

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10
Q

Outer layer of Alveolar Bone

A

Compact bone (cortical plate)
Cancellous Bone (Spongiosa)

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11
Q

Division of Tongue

A
  1. Anterior ⅔
  2. Posterior ⅓ (divided by sulcus terminalis)
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12
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is there in the Dorsal Surface of tongue?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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13
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is there in the Ventral Surface of tongue?

A

Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

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14
Q

from the bulk of the tongue

A

INTRINSIC MUSCLE

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15
Q

attached to bone

A

EXTRINSIC MUSCLE

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16
Q

Located on the dorsal surface of the anterior ⅔

A

LINGUAL PAPILLAE

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17
Q

TYPES OF PAILLAE

A
  1. FILIFORM PAPILLA
  2. FUNGIFORM PAPILLA
  3. FOLIATE PAPILLA
  4. CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLA
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18
Q

Highly keratinized and lacks taste buds

A

FILIFORM PAPILLA

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19
Q

Mushroom-shaped and has occasional taste buds

A

FUNGIFORM PAPILLA

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20
Q

Shallow, longitudinal furrows, and taste buds degenerate after 2 years of life

A

FOLIATE PAPILLA

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21
Q

Possess taste buds

A

CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLA

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22
Q

TASTE BUDS:

A
  1. TYPE I (DARK CELLS)
  2. TYPE II (LIGHT CELLS)
  3. TYPE III (INTERMEDIATE CELLS)
  4. TYPE IV (BASAL CELLS)
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23
Q

Esophagus Mucosa:
Epithelium
Lamina Propia
Muscularis mucosa

A

Epithelium: Stratified squamous nonkeratinized
Lamina Propia: Esophageal & Cardiac glands
Muscularis mucosa: Longitudinal

24
Q

Contains Meissner’s plexus and Esophageal glands proper, Collagenous CT

A

Submucosa of Esophagus

25
Muscularis Externa of Esophagus: Upper one-third Middle one-third Lower one-third
Upper one-third: Skeletal fibers Middle one-third: Mixed fibers (skeletal and smooth) Lower one-third: Smooth fibers
26
What type of connective tissue is the Adventitia of the Esophagus?
Loose areolar connective tissue
27
Mucosa of the Stomach: Epithelium Lamina propria Muscularis Mucosa
Epithelium: Simple columnar and presence of gastric pits (no goblet cells) Lamina propria: Gastric glands Muscularis mucocsa: Inner circular, outer longitudinal
28
Stomach is divided into three histological regions on the basis of nature of glands:
- Cardiac region - Fundic region (fundus & body) - Pyloric region
29
Submucosa of the Stomach
Collagenous CT, No glands
30
Muscularis Externa of the Stomach
Inner oblique Middle circular Outer longitudinal
31
Stomach (Cardiac Region): simple columnar with oval nuclei, mucous secreting cardiac glands in lamina propia.
MUCOSA
32
Stomach (Cardiac Region): SUBMUCOSA
connective tissue
33
Stomach (Cardiac Region): inner circular, outer longitudinal.
MUSCLE LAYER
34
Stomach (Cardiac Region): SEROSA
simple squamous epithelium
35
Stomach (Fundic Region): simple columnar with oval nuclei, presence of gastric glands in lamina propia
MUCOSA
36
Cells of fundic region:
● Mucous neck cells ● Parietal (oxyntic) cells ● Chief (peptic/zymogen) cells ● Enteroendocrine cells ● Undifferentiated cells
37
Cells of fundic region: Secretes alkaline fluid containing mucin
Surface mucous cell
38
Cells of fundic region: Secretes acidic fluid containing mucin
Mucous neck cell
39
Cells of fundic region: Secretes intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid
Parietal cell
40
Cells of fundic region: secretes pepsinogen and gastric lipase
Chief cell
41
Cells of fundic region: Enteroendocrine cells that secrete gastrin into the blood
G cell
42
STOMACH (Fundic Region): contains blood vessels, lymphatics and Meissner’s plexus
SUBMUCOSA
43
STOMACH (Fundic Region): an inner oblique (absent in pylorus), middle circular and outer longitudinal layer.
MUSCULARIS EXTERNA
44
STOMACH (Fundic Region): consist of surface layer of flattened mesothelial cells resting on a thin layer of loose connective tissue with blood vessels and lymphatics
SEROSA
45
STOMACH (Pyloric Region) pyloric glands in lamina propria & deeper gastric pits extending half the thickness of mucosa.
MUCOSA
46
STOMACH (Pyloric Region) inner circular (thickened to form pyloric sphincter) and outer longitudinal layer.
MUSCULARIS EXTERNA
47
STOMACH (Pyloric Region) same as in fundic part.
SUBMUCOSA & SEROSA
48
Small intestine is divided into 3 parts:
duodenum, jejunum and ileum
49
Increase the amount of surface area available for the absorption of nutrients
PLICAE CIRCULARES, VILLI, MICROVILLI
50
Keep the intestinal flora at appropriate levels of pathogens, preventing a large number of infections
PEYER’S PATCHES
51
Secretes intestinal juice (water, mucus, enzymes)
CRYPTS OF LIEBERKUHN
52
What are the enzymes (examples) of Cyrpts of Lieberkuhn
sucrase and maltase
53
SMALL INTESTINE: Fibroelastic CT, contains blood vessels, lymphatics and Meissner’s plexus, brunner’s gland (duodenum).
SUBMUCOSA
54
SMALL INTESTINE: Outer longitudinal and inner circular layers of smooth muscle.
MUSCULARIS EXTERNA
55
SMALL INTESTINE: covers the jejunum & ileum
SEROSA
56
SMALL INTESTINE: covers the duodenum
ADVENTITIA

Histology (37 decks)

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