Epithelium and Glands (PPT based) Part II

Question 1

Nexus or communicating junctions

Answer 1

GAP JUNCTION

Question 2

Couple adjacent cells metabolically and electrically

Answer 2

GAP JUNCTION

Question 3

Common in certain tissues like CNS, cardiac and smooth muscles

Answer 3

GAP JUNCTION

Question 4

Gap junction is composed of a channel-forming proteins (connexins) that assemble to form _______

Answer 4

connexons

Question 5

Extracellular supporting structure

Answer 5

BASAL LAMINA

Question 6

Produce by epithelium

Answer 6

BASAL LAMINA

Question 7

Composed of type IV collagen, laminin, entacin, proteoglycans (mostly heparin sulfate)

Answer 7

BASAL LAMINA

Question 8

Located at the boundary between epithelial cells and the underlying connective tissue

Answer 8

BASAL LAMINA

Question 9

Specialized junctions that resemble ½ of the macula adherens

Answer 9

HEMIDESMOSOMES

Question 10

Mediate adhesion of basal cell membrane to basal lamina

Answer 10

HEMIDESMOSOMES

Question 11

Integrins on one side is attached to the plaque with keratin tonofilaments and on the other side attaches to laminin and collagen IV of BL

Answer 11

HEMIDESMOSOMES

Question 12

Finger-like enfoldings functions to increase the surface area available for transport

Answer 12

BASAL PLASMA-MEMBRANE ENFOLDINGS

Question 13

Common in ion-transporting epithelia

Answer 13

BASAL PLASMA-MEMBRANE ENFOLDINGS

Question 14

Examples of basal plasma-membrane enfoldings:

Answer 14

Distal convoluted tubules, ducts in salivary glands

Question 15

Compartmentalize mitochondria

Answer 15

BASAL PLASMA-MEMBRANE ENFOLDINGS

Question 16

Function to bring ion pumps close to their energy supply (mitochondria)

Answer 16

BASAL PLASMA-MEMBRANE ENFOLDINGS

Question 17

CLASSIFICATION OF EPITHELIA:
based on cell layer

Answer 17

Simple (one layer)
Stratified (more than one cell layer)

Question 18

Classification of epithelia:
Based on cell morphology

Answer 18

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

Question 19

Other classification of epithelia:

Answer 19

Pseudostratified
Transitional

Question 20

Shape of surface cells: flattened

Answer 20

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS

Question 21

Sample locations: pulmonary alveoli, loop of Henle, parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule, inner and middle ears, blood and lymphatic vessels, pleural and peritoneal cavities

Answer 21

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS

Question 22

Shape of surface cells: cuboidal

Answer 22

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL

Question 23

Locations: ducts of many glands, covering of ovary, form kidney tubules

Answer 23

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL

Question 24

Shape of surface cells: columnar

Answer 24

SIMPLE COLUMNAR

Question 25

Locations: lining of oviducts, ductuli efferentes of testis, uterus, small bronchi, much of digestive tract, gallbladder, large ducts of some gland, Digestive tubes (STOMACH)

Answer 25

SIMPLE COLUMNAR

Question 26

striated border; narrow finger-like cytoplasmic process

Answer 26

Microvilli

Question 27

hair-like structure seen in uterus, oviducts, ductuli efferentes and small bronchi

Answer 27

Cilia

Question 28

Shape of surface cells: all cells rest on basal lamina but not all reach epithelial surface; surface cells are columnar

Answer 28

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED

Question 29

Locations: lining of most of trachea, primary bronchi, epididymis and ductus deferens, auditory tube, tympanic cavity, nasal cavity, lacrimal sac, male urethra, large excretory ducts

Answer 29

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED

Question 30

Most type of pseudostratified columnar epithelium is ______ seen on the apical surface of the cells that reach the epithelial surface

Answer 30

ciliated

Question 31

Shape of surface cells: flattened with nuclei

Answer 31

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS, NONKERATINIZED

Question 32

Locations: lining of mouth, epiglottis, esophagus, vocal folds, vagina

Answer 32

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS, NONKERATINIZED

Question 33

Shape of surface cells: flattened without nuclei

Answer 33

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS, KERATINIZED

Question 34

Locations: epidermis of skin

Answer 34

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS, KERATINIZED

Question 35

Shape of surface cells: cuboidal Locations: ducts of sweat glands, Seminiferous tubules of Testes

Answer 35

STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL

Question 36

Shape of surface cells: columnar Locations: conjunctiva of eye, some large excretory ducts, portions of male urethra

Answer 36

STRATIFIED COLUMNAR

Question 37

Shape of surface cells: dome-shaped (relaxed) flattened (distended) Locations: lining of urinary tract from renal calyces to urethra

Answer 37

TRANSITIONAL

Question 38

Specialized as organ of secretion or excretion

Answer 38

GLANDS

Question 39

Formed when epithelial tissues grow down into the underlying connective tissue

Answer 39

GLANDS

Question 40

ACCORDING TO SITE OF SECRETION: Secrete into a duct or onto a surface

Answer 40

Exocrine

Question 41

ACCORDING TO SITE OF SECRETION: Most glands are of this type

Answer 41

Exocrine

Question 42

ACCORDING TO SITE OF SECRETION: Ductless; secrete into the blood

Answer 42

Endocrine

Question 43

ACCORDING TO SITE OF SECRETION: Examples are Thyroid gland, pituitary gland, testes, parathyroid, adrenal

Answer 43

Endocrine

Question 44

ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGY (based on duct branching): Crypts of Lieberkuhn

Answer 44

Simple straight tubular

Question 45

ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGY (based on duct branching): Sweat glands

Answer 45

Simple coiled tubular

Question 46

ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGY (based on duct branching): Gastric glands, uterine glands

Answer 46

Simple branched tubular

Question 47

ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGY (based on duct branching): Tarsal glands

Answer 47

Simple branched alveolar

Question 48

ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGY (based on duct branching): Sebaceous gland

Answer 48

simple branched saccular