Muscle PDF

Question 1

Forms the main bulk/flesh of the human body

Answer 1

MUSCULAR TISSUES

Question 2

Function of muscular tissue

Answer 2

contractility

Question 3

TYPES OF MUSCLES

Answer 3

1. Striated
   – Skeletal muscle (voluntary)
   – Cardiac muscle (involuntary)
2. Smooth muscle (involuntary)
3. Contractile filaments (actin and myosin)

Question 4

Bundles of very long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells that show cross-striations.

Answer 4

SKELETAL MUSCLE [VOLUNTRAY]

Question 5

Muscles attach to the skeleton

Answer 5

SKELETAL MUSCLE [VOLUNTRAY]

Question 6

striated, voluntary

Answer 6

SKELETAL MUSCLE [VOLUNTRAY]

Question 7

long, broad tubular muscle fiber

Answer 7

SKELETAL MUSCLE [VOLUNTRAY]

Question 8

contains cylindrical filaments called myofibril (smaller unit of muscle fiber)

Answer 8

SKELETAL MUSCLE [VOLUNTRAY]

Question 9

CONNECTIVE TISSUE INVESTMENTS

Answer 9

EPIMYSIUM
PERIMYSIUM
ENDOMYSIUM

Question 10

surrounds entire muscle

Answer 10

EPIMYSIUM

Question 11

surrounds muscle bundles or fascicles (smaller unit of muscle bundles)

Answer 11

PERIMYSIUM

Question 12

Encloses the muscle fiber

Answer 12

ENDOMYSIUM

Question 13

Composes the muscle fascicle

Answer 13

ENDOMYSIUM

Question 14

surrounds individual muscle cells

Answer 14

ENDOMYSIUM

Question 15

Reticular fibers and external lamina

Answer 15

ENDOMYSIUM

Question 16

Long, cylindrical, multinucleate

Answer 16

SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS

Question 17

Sarcoplasm, sarcolemma with T (transverse) tubules

Answer 17

SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS

Question 18

long cylindrical filament bundles

Answer 18

MYOFIBRILS

Question 19

Parallel to the long axis of the fiber

Answer 19

MYOFIBRILS

Question 20

Thick filaments

Answer 20

myosin

Question 21

Thin filaments

Answer 21

actin

Question 22

Visible Dark A bands, light I(isotropic) bands (bisected by Z disks)

Answer 22

MYOFIBRILS

Question 23

DESMIN (with plectin) glues Z disks together

Answer 23

MYOFIBRILS

Question 24

CROSS-STRIATIONS

Answer 24

A-bands
I-bands
H-bands
M lines
Z disks (lines)

Question 25

Anisotropic; stain dark; thin and thick filaments

Answer 25

A-bands

Question 26

Isotropic; light stain; thin filaments

Answer 26

I-bands

Question 27

Light regions transecting A bands; thick filaments

Answer 27

H-bands

Question 28

Narrow dark regions at center of H bands; cross-bridges

Answer 28

M lines

Question 29

Dense regions bisecting I-band

Answer 29

Z disks (lines)

Question 30

extends Z to Z disc

Answer 30

SARCOMERE

Question 31

Functional unit of contraction (fibril)

Answer 31

SARCOMERE

Question 32

Dilated terminal cisternae that encircle myofibrils at the junction of each A and I band

Answer 32

SACROPLASMIC RETICULUM

Question 33

Regulates muscle contraction by calcium sequestration (relax) and release (contract)

Answer 33

SACROPLASMIC RETICULUM

Question 34

Central T tubule flanked by 2 terminal cisternae of SR

Answer 34

TRIADS

Question 35

Help provide uniform contraction

Answer 35

TRIADS

Question 36

THIN FILAMENTS [ACTIN]

Answer 36

F-ACTIN TROPOMYSIN TROPONIN

Question 37

double helix arrangement

Answer 37

F-ACTIN

Question 38

has an active site for interacting with myosin

Answer 38

F-ACTIN

Question 39

In the grooves of the F-actin helix

Answer 39

TROPOMYSIN

Question 40

TROPONIN

Answer 40

TnT Tnc TnI

Question 41

bind to tropomyosin

Answer 41

TnT

Question 42

4 binding sites for calcium

Answer 42

Tnc

Question 43

binds to actin, inhibiting myosin-actin interaction

Answer 43

TnI

Question 44

2 identical heavy chains and 2 pairs of light chains

Answer 44

Myosin II

Question 45

Double-headed golf club

Answer 45

Myosin II

Question 46

Globular heads (S1 fragments) have ATPase activity but require interaction with actin to release ADP and Pi.

Answer 46

Myosin II

Question 47

During contraction, thick and thin filaments do not shorten but increase their overlap

Answer 47

HUXLEY’S SLIDING-FILAMENT MODEL

Question 48

Thin filaments slide past thick filaments and penetrate more deeply into the A band, which remains constant in length

Answer 48

HUXLEY’S SLIDING-FILAMENT MODEL

Question 49

I and H bands shorten as Z disks are drawn closer together

Answer 49

HUXLEY’S SLIDING-FILAMENT MODEL