The Cell (PPT based)

Question 1

each cell is a discrete entity bound by a membrane that “isolates” it from it environment

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

What are the 3 components of the body?

Answer 2

1. Cell
2. Intercellular or extracellular substances
3. Body fluids

Question 3

materials that lie between cells to support and nourish them

Answer 3

Intercellular or extracellular substances

Question 4

Body fluids includes:

Answer 4

1. Blood
2. Tissue or intercellular fluid
3. Lymph

Question 5

Body fluids:
confined within the vascular system

Answer 5

Blood

Question 6

Body fluids:
between and around cells

Answer 6

tissue or intercellular fluid

Question 7

Body fluids:
drain tissue fluid back to the venous system

Answer 7

lymph

Question 8

The science concerned with the minute structure of cells, tissues and organs in relation to their function.

Answer 8

Histology: Microanatomy

Question 9

the smallest unit of protoplasm capable of living independently. It is the structural and functional unit of the body.

Answer 9

The cell

Question 10

2 types of cells:
found in primitive cells such as bacteria

Answer 10

PROKARYOTIC

Question 11

2 types of cells:
in all higher plants and animals

Answer 11

EUKARYOTIC

Question 12

2 types of cells:
metabolic and hereditary components are mixed

Answer 12

PROKARYOTIC

Question 13

2 types of cells:
bulk or hereditary material is isolated in a membrane-bound nucleus lying in the remainder of the cell or cytoplasm

Answer 13

EUKARYOTIC

Question 14

2 types of cells:
have no histones (specific basic proteins) bound to their DNA

Answer 14

PROKARYOTIC

Question 15

2 types of cells:
no membranous organelles

Answer 15

PROKARYOTIC

Question 16

What are the components of protoplasm?

Answer 16

1. Protein
2. Nucleic acids
3. Carbohydrates
4. Lipid
5. Inorganic Materials
6. Water

Question 17

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
main structural elements of the cell and the intercellular material

Answer 17

PROTEIN

Question 18

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
exist as: pure lipoprotein, glycoprotein, proteoglycan, or mucoprotein

Answer 18

PROTEIN

Question 19

NUCLEIC ACIDS:
found mainly in the nucleus

Answer 19

DNA

Question 20

NUCLEIC ACIDS:
nucleus and cytoplasm

Answer 20

RNA

Question 21

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
as glucose, stored as glycogen

Answer 21

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 22

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
- also an energy source
- important component of cellular membrane

Answer 22

LIPID

Question 23

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM:
- exists as: free radicals
- sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (HPO42-), chloride (Cl-), and bicarbonate (HCO3-)

Answer 23

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 24

Essential function of this is the:
maintenance of osmotic pressure gradients

Answer 24

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 25

Essential function of this is the: muscle contraction/relaxation

Answer 25

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 26

Essential function of this is the: tissue rigidity (e.g. bone)

Answer 26

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 27

Essential function of this is the: cell adhesion

Answer 27

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 28

Essential function of this is the: enzyme activation

Answer 28

INORGANIC MATERIALS

Question 29

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM: 75% of protoplasm

Answer 29

Water

Question 30

COMPONENTS OF PROTOPLASM: partly free: available for metabolic processes partly bound to protein: as a structural component

Answer 30

Water

Question 31

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM:

Answer 31

Irritability Conductivity Contractility Respiration Absorption Secretion Excretion Growth

Question 32

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: capability to respond to a stimulus

Answer 32

Irritability

Question 33

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: can transmit a wave of excitation (an electrical impulse) throughout the cell from the point of stimulus

Answer 33

Conductivity

Question 34

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: highly developed in nerve cells lesser extent, in muscle cells

Answer 34

Conductivity

Question 35

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: property of changing shape in the sense of shortening ex. Muscle cells

Answer 35

Contractility

Question 36

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: essential for life. Process whereby food substances and oxygen within the cell interact chemically to produce energy, carbon dioxide and water

Answer 36

Respiration

Question 37

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: imbibition of materials that later may be assimilated by the cell in metabolism or otherwise utilized

Answer 37

Absorption

Question 38

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: process by which cell extrudes material (useful)

Answer 38

Secretion

Question 39

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: such as digestive enzyme or a hormone

Answer 39

Secretion

Question 40

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: extrusion of waste material from the cell

Answer 40

Excretion

Question 41

PROPERTIES OF PROTOPLASM: increase in size

Answer 41

Growth

Question 42

3 main structural components of cytoplasm:

Answer 42

organelles inclusions cytoskeleton

Question 43

What is the fluid component of cytoplasm?

Answer 43

cytosol

Question 44

exhibits functional interactions among organelles

Answer 44

cytosol

Question 45

Results in: a. uptake and release of material b. protein synthesis

Answer 45

cytosol

Question 46

Parts of an organelles:

Answer 46

Plasma membrane Ribosomes Rough endoplasmic reticulum Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Annulate lamellae Mitochondria Golgi complex (apparatus) Coated vesicles Lysosomes Peroxisomes Centrioles

Question 47

Inclusions of cytoplasm:

Answer 47

Glycogen Lipid droplets Lipofuscin

Question 48

Parts of cytoskeleton:

Answer 48

Microtubules Microfilaments Intermediate filaments Microtrabecular lattice

Question 49

metabolically active units of living matter

Answer 49

ORGANELLES

Question 50

limited by a membrane

Answer 50

ORGANELLES