The Cell (PPT based) Part III

Question 1

pair of cylindrical rods (0.2 µm wide and 0.5 µm long) oriented at right angles to one another

Answer 1

CENTRIOLES

Question 2

located in the centrosome (cell center)

Answer 2

CENTRIOLES

Question 3

direct the formation of spindle fiber during cell division forms the bases of cilia and flagella (mother centriole)

Answer 3

CENTRIOLES

Question 4

lifeless accumulations of material

Answer 4

INCLUSIONS

Question 5

not metabolically active

Answer 5

INCLUSIONS

Question 6

glycogen, lipid droplets, lipofuscin

Answer 6

INCLUSIONS

Question 7

microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtrabecular lattice

Answer 7

CYTOSKELETON

Question 8

structural framework within the cytosol

Answer 8

CYTOSKELETON

Question 9

functions in:
maintaining cell shape by providing cellular support

Answer 9

CYTOSKELETON

Question 10

functions in:
stabilizing cell attachments

Answer 10

CYTOSKELETON

Question 11

functions in:
facilitating endocytosis and exocytosis

Answer 11

CYTOSKELETON

Question 12

functions in:
facilitating endocytosis and exocytosis

Answer 12

CYTOSKELETON

Question 13

functions in:
promoting cell motility

Answer 13

CYTOSKELETON

Question 14

Nucleus includes:

Answer 14

Nuclear envelope
Nucleoplasm
Nucleolus
Chromatin

Question 15

control various activities of the cell essential for reproduction and heredity transmission

Answer 15

NUCLEUS

Question 16

contains genetic apparatus encoded in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of chromosomes

Answer 16

NUCLEUS

Question 17

directs protein synthesis in the cytoplasm via:
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
messenger RNA (mRNA)
transfer RNA (tRNA)

Answer 17

NUCLEUS

Question 18

surrounds the nuclear material

Answer 18

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

Question 19

consists of two parallel membranes separated from each other by a narrow perinuclear cisterna

Answer 19

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

Question 20

perforated at intervals by openings called nuclear pores

Answer 20

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

Question 21

well-defined nuclear inclusion (sometimes > one)

Answer 21

NUCLEOLUS

Question 22

eccentrically placed within the nucleus

Answer 22

NUCLEOLUS

Question 23

not membrane-bound

Answer 23

NUCLEOLUS

Question 24

present in cells actively synthesizing protein

Answer 24

NUCLEOLUS

Question 25

generally detectable only when cell is in interphase

Answer 25

NUCLEOLUS

Question 26

involve in synthesis of rRNA and its assembly into precursors of ribosomes

Answer 26

NUCLEOLUS

Question 27

portion of the protoplasm that is surrounded by the nuclear envelope

Answer 27

NUCLEOPLASM

Question 28

consists of a matrix and various types of particles

Answer 28

NUCLEOPLASM

Question 29

double-stranded DNA complexed with histones and acidic proteins

Answer 29

CHROMATIN

Question 30

responsible for RNA synthesis

Answer 30

CHROMATIN

Question 31

What are the 2 forms of chromatin?

Answer 31

heterochromatin and euchromatin

Question 32

heterochromatin and euchromatin: light microscope: basophilic clumps of nucleoprotein electron microscope: dense granular clumps

Answer 32

HETEROCHROMATIN

Question 33

concentrated at periphery of nucleus, around the nucleolus and scattered throughout the nucleoplasm

Answer 33

HETEROCHROMATIN

Question 34

heterochromatin and euchromatin: transcriptionally inactive

Answer 34

HETEROCHROMATIN

Question 35

heterochromatin and euchromatin: light microscope: lightly stained dispersed region of the nucleus electron microscope: electron-lucent regions among heterochromatin

Answer 35

EUCHROMATIN

Question 36

heterochromatin and euchromatin: transcriptionally active

Answer 36

EUCHROMATIN

Question 37

What are the 2 major periods of cell cycle?

Answer 37

1. Interphase – interval 2. Mitosis (M phase) – period of cell division

Question 38

longer than M phase

Answer 38

Interphase

Question 39

cell doubles in size and DNA content

Answer 39

Interphase

Question 40

What are the 3 separate phases of Interphase?

Answer 40

G1, S and G2

Question 41

the gap phase just after mitosis

Answer 41

G1 phase

Question 42

when certain “trigger proteins” are synthesized enabling the cell to reach a threshold (restriction point) and proceed to the S phase

Answer 42

G1 phase

Question 43

lasts from a few hours to several days

Answer 43

G1 phase

Question 44

cell growth and protein synthesis occur, restoring daughter cells to normal volume and size

Answer 44

G1 phase

Question 45

also known as synthetic phase

Answer 45

S phase

Question 46

DNA replication and protein synthesis occur

Answer 46

S phase

Question 47

resulting in duplication of the chromosomes

Answer 47

S phase

Question 48

period when centrioles are self-duplicated

Answer 48

S phase

Question 49

lasts 8-12 hours in most cells

Answer 49

S phase