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geography MIDTERM Flashcards

0
Q

What is the smallest continent

A

Australia

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1
Q

What is the largest continent

A

Asia

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2
Q

What are the seven continents

A 
Asia 
Europe 
Africa 
North America 
South America 
Australia 
Antarctica
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3
Q

What kind of map displays elevation with different colors

A

Physical map

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4
Q

What kind of map displays countries or states with different colors

A

Political map

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5
Q

what kind of lines run north and south but measure east and west
Another name for them is meridians

A

Longitude lines

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6
Q

What lines run east and west but measure north and south

Another name for them is parallels

A

Latitude

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7
Q

What is the imaginary line that separates the earth into Southern and Northern hemispheres

A

Equator

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8
Q

What is the imaginary line that separates the earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres

A

Prime meridian

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9
Q

What is the name for a way to locate a certain place using longitude and latitude lines, addresses, streets, etc.

A

Absolute location

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10
Q

What is a way to locate a certain place using another place nearby in relation to the place you are looking for

A

Relative location

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11
Q

What are the four important map elements

A

Title
Scale
Legend/key
Scale

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12
Q

What are the five major oceans

A 
Pacific 
Atlantic 
Arctic 
Indian 
Southern
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13
Q

What are the five themes of geography

A 
MRHELP 
Movement 
Region 
Human-Environment Interaction
Location 
Place
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14
Q

What percent of North America do the United States and Canada make up

A

4/5 or 80%

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15
Q

What percent of the United States’ population is Native American

A

1%

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16
Q

What percent of Canada’s population is Native American

A

3%

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17
Q

What are Canada and the United States sometimes referred to as because both were once colonies of Britain and both groups of citizens largely speak English

A

Anglo-America

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18
Q

What climates are shared by the United States and Canada

A

They both have moderate climates – an example is humid continental

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19
Q

What is different about the climates in the United States and Canada

A

The United States has much more natural disasters

Much of the US is milder, drier, and even more topical because we are South of 40° latitude

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20
Q

What are the four regions of the United States

A

South
Midwest
West
Northeast

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21
Q

What region is located along the equator and receives 100+ inches of rain per year

A

Tropical wet

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22
Q

What region is located along the equator on outer edges of Tropical Wet regions
They have two seasons: Summer (wet); Winter (dry)

A

Tropical wet and dry

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23
Q

What region is the transition between wet and dry regions
Sometimes, not very often, they get rain
Long droughts

A

Semi-arid

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24
What region is located along 30 degree latitude lines | Cold water currents force dry air over land
Desert
25
What region is located between 30 and 45 degrees latitude WEST side of continents Mild weather (no extreme) due to ocean currents
Mediterranean
26
What region is located on the west-coast, mid-latitude | Influenced by the presence of mountains
Marine west coast
27
What region is located on east coasts between 20 and 30 degrees latitude Minimal temperature change
Humid subtropical
28
What region is located in the interior of continents between 40 and 60 degrees latitude 4 seasons, drastic temperature changes 20-50 inches of precipitation.
Humid continental
29
What region is located in interior at high altitudes | Long extremely cold winters & short cool summer
Subarctic
30
What region is located along the Arctic Ocean | Some places in this region never thaw
Tundra
31
What region is located near the poles
Ice Cap
32
What region is usually found in mountain areas or plateau areas Their temperature depends on elevation - warm to cold
Highlands
33
Where is Canada ranked in terms of largest land masses in the world
2nd
34
Where is the United States ranked in terms of largest land masses on the world
3rd
35
What are the territories of the United States
``` Puerto Rico Northern Mariana Islands Virgin Islands American Samoa Guam ```
36
How many provinces does Canada have
Three
37
What are the provinces of Canada
``` Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan ```
38
What makes up the pacific subregion of Canada
British Columbia Yukon Territory Northwest Territories Nunavut
39
What are the Everglades
a huge swampland in Florida that covers about 4,000 square miles
40
What do you call a person who is of French-Canadian and Native American history
Métis
41
What is Canada's westernmost province that is located within the Rocky Mountain range
British Columbia
42
What kind of government does Canada have
Parliamentary government
43
What is a parliamentary government
legislative and executive functions are combined in a legislature called Parliament
44
Who is the head of government; the majority party's leader in government
Prime Minister
45
What is the capital of Canada
Ottawa
46
Where does Latin America span from
It spans from the Mexico's southernmost border to Tiero del Fuego
47
What mountain range is part of a large chain that spans from the United States to Mexico
Rockies
48
What are the Andes Mountains called in the United States
Rockies
49
What are the Andes Mountains called in Mexico
Sierra Madre
50
What is the mist famous river system in Latin America
The Amazon
51
How much water does the Amazon river carry to the ocean
More than the next 7 largest rivers combined
52
Which regions make up the Greater Antilles Islands
Cuba | Puerto Rica
53
What is the capital city of Brazil
Brasilia
54
What is the economic heart and the biggest city on Brazil
São Paulo
55
What is the cultural city of Brazil
Rio de Janeiro
56
What is an ancient technique for growing crops on hillsides or mountain slopes using step-like horizontal fields cut into the slopes
Terraced farming
57
What consists of the basic support systems needed to keep an economy going, including power, communications, transportation, water, sanitation, and education systems The more sophisticated this is, the more developed the country is
Infrastructure
58
What are areas of grasslands and rich soil found in South-Central America
Pampas
59
What are the reasons people might migrate called | One of them is a reason to move to another place and one is a reason to leave the place you are in
Push and pull factors
60
What is Brazil rich in because of it's many rivers and other waterways
Hydroelectric power
61
What was signed in order to divide South America between Portugal and Spain
Treaty of Tordesillas
62
What are savannas with flat terrain and moderate rainfall that make them suitable for farming
Cerrado
63
What is the music that carnival takes place to
Samba
64
What is the most colorful feast day in Brazil | It is like Mardi Gras in Louisiana
Carnival
65
What is a military dictator or political boss called | Support for them usually comes from the military or the rich people
Caudillo
66
What is a government run by generals after a military takeover
Junta
67
What is it called whenever the climate of a place ch ages over time It used to be called global warming
Climate change
68
What is the process of breaking up large landholdings and giving portions to peasants to farm
Land reform
69
What do they call it whenever an organization agrees to pay off a certain amount of government debt in return for the government protection of a certain rain forest
Debt-for-nature swap
70
What is the variety of organisms within an ecosystem
Biodiversity
71
What is the government that is ruled by the few, the rich, and the military The leader of this is the caudillo
Oligarchy
72
What is the cutting down and clearing away of trees and forests called
Deforestation
73
Who was the leader that lead soldiers into Mexico and claimed land for Spain
Hernando Cortez
74
Who is the current president of Mexico
Enrique Nieto
75
What island did not receive full independence from Great Britain until 1962 This country is one that the majority language is English
Jamaica
76
What island has a majority language of Spanish Achieved independence form Spain in 1898 Largest of the Caribbean islands with a population of about 11 million
Cuba
77
What is the Hispaniola island country that the slave revolt began in In the 18th century, they were a French colony with a good sugar industry By 1804, they achieved independence form Spain Voodoo is practiced h
Haiti
78
What is practiced on the island of Haiti and involves spirits We also have this in New Orleans
Voodoo
79
This is the movement for political and religious freedom that originated in Haiti
Rastafarian
80
What is an important trade agreement creating a huge zone of cooperation on trade and economic issues in North America
NAFTA | North American Free Trade Agreement
81
What percentage of Canadians have no religious affiliations
16%
82
What are the regions of Latin America
Spanish-speaking South America Mexico Central America Brazil
83
What is life like in Latin America today
There is a large income gap in Latin America and the poor are not able to live their lives as fully as those who are rich

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