Flashcards in Gluconeogenesis Deck (11):
1
what 4 enzymes are needed for gluconeogenesis
1. Pyruvate carboxylase (requires pyruvate); (pyruvate to oxaloacetate)
2. PEP carboxykinase (oxaloacetate to phosphoenol pyruvate)
3. fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (fructose 1,6 bisphos to fructose 6 phosphate)
4. glucose 6-phosphatase (glu 6 to glucose)
2
what enzyme catalyzes the rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis
fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase
(fructose 1,6 bisphosphonate to fructose 6 bisphosphonate)
3
what increases activity of fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase
1. ATP
4
what two things decrease the activity of fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase
1. AMP
2. fructose 2,6 bisphosphatase (indicates glycolysis is running)
5
what increases activity of pyruvate carboxylase (1st step in gluconeogenesis)
Acetyl-CoA (indicates there is energy)
6
what three tissues have glucose 6 phosphatase
1. liver
2. kidneys
3. enterocytes
*muscle cells dont have, so cant release glucose to body once it gets in
7
RBCs and BBB endothelial cell shave what glucose transporter
GLUT 1 --> allows uptake at all times
8
hepatocytes and B cells of pancreas have what glucose transporter
GLUT 2
9
skeletal muscle and adipose have what glucose transporter
GLUT 4 --> requires insulin to uptake glucose
10
neurons and placenta have what kind of glucose tansporter
GLUT 3
11