Flashcards in Joint Injuries Deck (27):
1
3 injured elements in the "unhappy triad"
1. ACL
2. MCL
3. Medial mesicus
2
*what are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff
1. supraspinatus
2. infraspinatus
3. teres minor
4. subscapularis
*SItS
3
function of supraspinatus
abducts arm intially (before deltoid; first 15 degrees or so)
4
function of infraspinatus
laterally rotates arm
5
functions of teres minor
adducts and laterally rotates arm
6
functions of subscapularis
medially rotates and adducts the arm
7
MC injured in rotator cuff
supraspinatus
8
pitching injury
infraspinatus
9
spinal segments innervating the rotator cuff muscles
C5-C6
10
*8 bones of the wrist (from bottom medial to lateral, back to medial on top)
1. Scaphoid
2. Lunate
3. Triquetrum
4. Pisiform
5. Hamate
6. Capitate
7. Trapezoid
8. Trapezium
11
MC fractured bone in wrist
Scaphoid --> is prone to avascular necrosis due to a retrograde blood supply
12
dislocation of what wrist bone can cause acute carpal tunnel syndrom
Lunate
(just medial to scaphoid on the lower row of wrist bones)
13
leading cause of knee pain in patients under 45
Patellofemoral syndrome--> anterior knee pain exacerbated by activity
14
2 tx for patellofemoral syndrome
1. strengthen quadriceps muscle
2. low impact exercise and eliminate excessive stress on knee
15
pain in medial arch, worse with forst steps in the AM; what is characteristic pain site
Plantar fascitis--> local point tenderness at the medial tubercle of calcaneus
16
dislocated vs separated shoulder
dislocated--> head of humerus rotates out of glenoid cavity
separated--> clavicle separates from acromion and coracoid process of scapula
17
shoulder pain with abduction ass. with repetitive over the head activities (tennis, pitching)
shoulder impingement syndrome--> compression of supraspinatus or subacromial bursa by the acromion during abduction
18
What structures can be damaged in an anterior shoulder dislocation (6)
1. Axillary nerve
2. Posterior humeral circumflex artery
3. Supraspinatus tendon
4. Anterior glenohumeral ligaments
5. glenoid labrum
6. posterolateral humeral head
19
frozen shoulder due to immobilization ; what two things seen on athrogram
Adhesive capsulitis--> constriction of the joint capsule an loss of axillary and subscapularis spaces
*x-rays are normal
20
3 ligaments commonly injured during ankle sprain, starting with the most common
1. Anterior talofibular ligament ("Always Tears First")
2. Calcaneofibular ligament
3. Posterior talofibular ligament
*these are all lateral ligaments
21
3 common pt populations to get adhesive capsulitis
1. pts over 50
2. women
3. diabetics
22
housemaids knee
prepatellar bursitis
23
elbow swelling, nontender
olecrenon bursitis
24
MC type of hip dislocation
posterior--> femoral head slips out of acebatulum posteriorly
25
common scenario for a posterior hip dislocation
MVA where knee strikes dashboard with knee slightly abducted
26
3 structures that can be injured in posterior hip dislocation
1. medial and lateral circumflex artery
2. femoral vein
3. femoral nerve
27