Hemangiosarcoma Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are the common presenting signs of dogs with hemangiosarcoma?
Vague and nonspecific
Waxing and waning lethargy/inappetence
Neurologic/mentation changes
GI signs
Acute collapse
Respiratory distress
Sudden death
What are physical exam findings of a patient with a ruptured hemangiosarcoma?
Pale mm, prolonged CRT
Weak, dull mentation
Tachycardia, poor pulse quality, arryhtmias
Tachypnea, dyspnea
Fluid wave, cranial abdominal mass
Muffled heart sounds
Pulsus paradoxus
What are the initial diagnostics and stabilization measures for a patient with hemangiosarcoma?
AFAST/TFAST
PCV/TS/CBC/Chem/UA
PT/PTT/FDG/d-dimers
Blood typing +/- cross match
Blood pressure
EKG
IV fluids, supplemental oxygen
What pre-surgical diagnostics should be performed in a patient with hemangiosarcoma?
3V thoracic radiographs (pericardial effusion, pulmonary metastasis)
Abdominal US (source of hemorrhage)
Echocardiogram (look for mass)
What are the chances a splenic mass is hemangiosarcoma?
65 - 75% of non-traumatic hemoabdomens are HSA
What are important steps during an exploratory laparotomy and splenectomy for HSA?
Remove source of bleeding
Biopsy abnormal lesions - liver, omentum
Biopsy nomral liver
Perioperative mortality rate is ~8%
What are major complications that can occur with a splenectomy?
Hemorrhage
Thromboembolic events (pulmonary thromboembolism, portal system thrombus)
DIC
Cardiac arrhythmias
Tumor seeding
What are the post-surgical treatments of HSA?
Radiation therapy (incompletely excised or palliation)
Chemotherapy (doxorubicin based)
What is the prognosis of HSA following surgery +/- chemo?
HSA is highly metastatic
Treatment: Dermal HSA
Surgery often curative
Prognosis: Dermal HSA
Better: predisposed breeds, ventral abdominal, actinic changes on histo (solar induced)
Poor: non-predisposed breeds, SQ invasion
Multiple masses = no impact on prognosis
