Immune Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the 4 classic laboratory findings in IMHA in a dog?
Regenerative anemia
Spherocytosis
RBC autoagglutination
Hyperbilirubinemia
What is the typical presentation of IMHA in a dog?
Subacute onset
Depression
Weakness
Inappetence
Icterus
What are the primary differentials for a dog with severe regenerative anemia?
Blood loss (>3d duration)
RBC destruction, immune-mediated (IMHA)
RBC destruction, infectious (babesia)
RBC lysis, toxin (zinc, low P)
What are prognostic indicators of IMHA?
Concurrent thrombocytopenia
Severity of leukocytosis
Elevated BUN
Hyperbilirubinemia
Monocytosis
What is precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia (PIMA)?
What is the primary cause of death in patients with IMHA?
Thromboembolism
How is IMHA treated?
Immunosuppression
Anticoagulation
What are the differentials for thrombocytopenia?
IMTP
Platelet consumption (secondary to thromboembolic disease)
Drug reaction
BM toxicity or myelophthisis
Chronic ehrlichiosis
DIC
How is IMTP diagnosed?
Anti-platelet antibodies (but some patients are APA negative)
MPV helpful (increased)
Bone marrow evaluation
How is IMTP treated?
1-2 mg/kg/day of prednisone
High dose methylprednisolone (solu-medrol) IV if life-threatening
+/- Mycophenolate, cyclosporine
Single tx IVIG
What are differentials for a dog with fever, anorexia, and reluctance to walk?
What is the diagnostic approach for a dog with suspected IMPA?
What does the joint fluid look like with IMPA?
Large numbers of non-degenerate neutrophils
High protein background
How is IMPA treated?
0.5-1mg/kg/day prednisone
If no response: increase pred dose +/- mycophenolate or cyclosporine
Synergy with anti-inflammatory antibiotics (doxy)
What are the major signs of SLE?
What are the minor signs of SLE?
How is SLE treated?
0.5-1mg/kg/day pred
Mycophenolate if proteinuria present
MOA: Oclacitinib (Apoquel)
JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 inhibitor
Suppression of T cells
MOA: IVIG
Delivers potent immune suppressive signals to macrophages in spleen and liver
