Thoracic POCUS

Question 1

What is the correct probe orientation?

Answer 1

Allows you to see gator sign

Question 2

What does a glide sign tell you?

Answer 2

1. Parietal and visceral pleura are in contact
2. Lung is air filled

Question 3

What are A lines indicative of on lung POCUS?

Answer 3

Normal, air filled lungs

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Where is the caudodorsal site located? What are we screening for?

Answer 6

8 - 9 intercostal space
Screen for pneumothorax, L sided CHF, pulmonary edema

Question 7

What does pneumothorax look like on lung POCUS?

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Pneumothorax

Question 9

Answer 9

Pneumothorax
No glide sign

Question 10

Answer 10

Pneumothorax

Question 11

Which direction should the probe be moved to determine severity of pneumothorax?

Answer 11

Cranioventral

Question 12

Answer 12

SQ emphysema

Question 13

Answer 13

SQ emphysema

Question 14

Where is the middle lung lobe site located? What are we screening for?

Answer 14

Point of heart maximum intensity
Looking for fluid in the pleural space

Question 15

What does pleural fluid look like on lung POCUS?

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Pleural effusion

Question 17

Answer 17

Pleural effusion

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

How can you differentiate between chronic and acute pleural effusion?

Answer 19

Chronic = rounded lung
Acute = sharp lung

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

Which direction should the probe be moved to determine severity of pleural effusion?

Answer 22

Caudodorsal

Question 23

Answer 23

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

Short axis view

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

Answer 30

Question 31

Answer 31

Long axis view

Question 32

Answer 32

Question 33

Answer 33

Big LA

Question 34

Answer 34

Question 35

Answer 35

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

dDx Pericardial Effusion (Dogs)

Answer 37

Neoplasia (HSA) Idiopathic Coagulopathy Trauma Right CHF Infection

Question 38

dDx Pericardial Effusion (Cats)

Answer 38

CHF (L or R) FIP Neoplasia (LSA) Chyle Vasculitis (uremia)

Question 39

Which side of the heart is at highest risk for tamponade?

Answer 39

Right

Question 40

Where do we perform a pericardiocentesis?

Answer 40

Always from the right side

Question 41

Answer 41

Question 42

What is indicative of B lines on lung ultrasound?

Answer 42

Wet lungs

Question 43

Answer 43

Question 44

What (specifically) causes B lines?

Answer 44

*Interstitial fluid cuffed by air* Cardiogenic edema Noncardiogenic edema Hemorrhage Contusions Inflammatory cells/fluid

Question 45

Answer 45

B lines

Question 46

How and why do we quantify B lines?

Answer 46

Number of positive sites per hemithorax correlated with the severity of interstitial edema

Question 47

Answer 47

B lines

Question 48

Answer 48

Coalescing B lines

Question 49

Answer 49

Question 50

Answer 50

Question 51

Answer 51

Wedge consolidation

Question 52

What can wedge consolidation indicate?

Answer 52

PTE

Question 53

Dry lungs rule out ___

Answer 53

CHF

Question 54

CHF = ___ lungs

Answer 54

wet

Question 55

Wet lungs dorsally rule out _____________

Answer 55

Pneumothorax

Question 56

Answer 56

Pleural effusion

Question 57

What are the limitations of lung ultrasound?

Answer 57

Cannot characterize types of interstitial fluid Cannot evaluate pathology deeper than 2-3mm Cannot evaluate parenchyma in the presence of effusion or air Replace thoracic radiographs or CT