Hernias Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are the different types of acquired and congenital hernias?
Acquired: pleuroperitoneal (DH), hiatal (upper airway disease)
Congenital: PPDH, hiatal
Which locations of the diaphragm can herniate?
Which clinical scenarios make a diaphragmatic hernia a surgical emergency?
Once stable for anesthesia
If you can’t stabilize
Stomach is herniated into thorax
What complications are associated with diaphragmatic hernias and their treatment?
Re-expansion pulmonary edema (cats)
Recurrence
Arrhythmias
Cardiac arrest
Pneumothorax
Pleural effusion
What is the prognosis for a traumatic DH vs a PPDH?
DH: 79 - 89% survival
PPDH: 92 - 95% survival
Identify the structures that make up the pelvic diaphragm
What is a caudal perineal hernia?
Between levator ani and external anal sphincter muscle
What are the predisposing factors for perineal hernias?
Small breeds
Older, intact males
Anything that causes increased intrathoracic pressure
What are the medical treatment options for perineal hernias?
Stool softeners
Low residue diet
Digital evacuation
What are the surgical treatment options for perineal hernias?
Internal obturator flap
Herniorrhaphy - no
What complications are associated with perineal hernia repairs?
Incisional complications
Tenesmus
Rectal prolapse
Sciatic nerve entrapment
Fecal incontinence
Urinary abnormalities
How are hiatal hernias medically managed?
Antacids (famotidine, omeprazole)
Sucralfate
Cisapride, metaclopramide
Low fat diets
Elevated feedings (megaesophagus)
How are hiatal hernias surgically managed?
Decrease size of esophageal hiatus
Esophagopexy
Left sided gastropexy
